104 



SUCCESS WITH POULTET 



for a few years, becomes well fertilized and in best condition 

 for growing all small fruits. Since wire netting has become 

 so common it is easy to grow berries, etc., in one place and 

 poultry in another; occupied at different times by both. 

 Stakes driven- in with an ax can be used to fasten the wire 

 netting to, and it is easily removed to another place, when 

 fresh ground is required. 



. . Often the neighbors ' poultry is troublesome and their 

 dogs quite as much of an annoyance. Here the wire netting 

 comes in play again. I enclosed three and one-half acres 



with it to very good advantage^. saving many dollars worth 

 of young stock just coming up, also berries, grapes, etc. 



In winter when the ground is free from snow, the chick- 

 ens are let run among the trees, taking exercise, which 

 makes them healthy fowls. They lay better than when kept 

 all the time in one enclosure. Where two or more varieties 

 are kept they can bo let out alternately. The chicken yards 

 are the best places to plant peach, cherry and plum trees. 

 They thrive wonderfully there and often require a thinning 

 out of the fruit to obtain best results. J. A. EOBEETS. 



DISEASES OF POULTRY 



How to Prevent, How to Treat, How to Cure— Remember the Old Adage, "An Ounce of Pre- 

 vention is Better Than a Pound of Cure." 



BREEDERS who look well to the sanitary arrangement 

 of their buildings, and apply a proper system of 

 feeding, have little fear in this direction. The 

 best remedy is the keeping in mind at all times the 

 old adage that "An' ounce of prevention is better than a 

 pound of cure." Fowls need but little medicine if properly 

 cared for, the essential features of which are being well pro'- 

 tected from the wind and rain, having dry, clean, light 

 warm and well-ventilated quarters, ■with a good grass run in 

 the summer and plenty of fresh, cool water. If these oonli- 

 tions are complied with, and the fowls are well, fed, we 

 would be willing to insure poultry men against disease, UU' 

 less it be introduced by some fowl that was already diseased. 



ROUP. 



Roup is an inflammation of the mercfbraneous lining of 

 the air passages, which often makes its appearance in the 

 cleft palate, the mouth and the eyes. It is more destructive 

 and hard'Or to handle when let run awhile than cholera.. Its 

 first symptoms are slightly catarrhal, affocting the appetite 

 and health of the chick but very little, and in the second 

 stage it becomes ulcerous or diphtherial roup, and is nearly 

 related to malignant diphtheria in the human family. It is 

 caused from filth, bad food, cold and wet. The eyes water, 

 the nostrils are closed, breathing becomes deep and difficult, 

 together with coughing and suffocation. 



Treatment, — Pen up every fowl in dry, warm quarters; 

 keep out all th« drafts of cold, damp air, feed hot bran, 

 mashed potatoes and meat, and medicate the throat, mouth 

 and nostrils with chloride of sodium or comon salt, as fol- 

 lows: Take a bucketful of warm salt water, put a teacup of 

 salt to this amount of water; then, catching the fowl, exam- 

 ine the throat and nostrils, removing all chessy matter and 

 pressing all mucous matter out of the nostrils, and then fill- 

 ing a pint cup for each afflicted fowl, hold it by. the feet with 

 head down, choke it until the mouth is wide open and then 

 insert the head into the solution, 'comb down, so that the 

 medicated water may enter the cleft in the palate and go out 

 at each nostril and into the throat. Each should be separ- 

 ately treated. Not all from the same water, but one cup will 

 do for all. Kerosene injected into the nostrils is good; also 

 camphorated sweet oil. Ten drops of coal oil or kerosene 

 added to two quarts of water for a flock of twenty fowls will 

 often effect a cure, but when this remedy is applied do not 

 attempt to prepare one of the flock for table use far three or 

 four weeks thereafter, as the entire carcass will be tainted 

 with coal oil. A great deal of this trouble may be avoided 



b^ keeping your poultry clean and their quarters free from 

 dampness. II 



Important. — In treating roup, be careful to remove any 

 discharge from the nostrils that may collect on the feathers 

 under the wings or on the breast. Whisky or alcohol will 

 wash off this discharge. Be sure to protect the sick fowls 

 from all drafts and feed easily digested foods. When the 

 fowls look stupid and droopy, feathers ruffled and no appe- 

 tite, reduce their food even to fagting. If digestion is im- 

 paired give the following: 



Tincture of Nux Vomica 1 drachm 



Alcohol dil. (half water) 9 drachms , 



Mix. Add 15 drops to half pint of water and let the sick 

 fowls use it as a drink once or twice daily until better. This 

 is a valuable stomach tonic, -especially when the food disa- 

 grees. 



Compound tinctnre of chinchona, 20 drops in a half pint 

 of water, is often serviceable as a general tonic. 



It often occurs that fowls have swellings of the head and 

 feet which sometimes are troublesome. Where it is possi- 

 ble, use a bandage or compress with warm water; then apply 

 ■ the following: 



Oxide of Zinc Ointment 1 ounce 



Stramonium Ointment % ounce 



Mix. This can be applied in all cases where an oint- 

 ment is necessary. 



OHOLBEiA. 

 This disease is caused principally by keeping too ma,ny 

 fowls in a limited space, bad sanitary management, un- 

 wholesome or irregular food, etc. 



Symptoms. — The symptoms of chicken cholera are not 

 well understood by the people generally, and it is probable 

 that some men have that disease "on the brain," so much so, 

 in fact, that whenever they lose fowls by an unusual disease 

 that they do not understand they attribute their death to 

 cholera. Many fowls go to their graves, so to speak, by 

 other diseases, and cholera is blamed for sending them there. 

 Some of the prominent symptoms w'e give, and, so far as 

 known, the condition of the internal organs. 



External Symptoms. — The fowls has a dejected, sleepy 

 and drooping appearance, and does not plume itself; it is 

 very thirsty, has a slow, stalking gait, and gapes often. 

 Sometimes the fowl staggers and falls down from great 

 weakness. The comb and wattles lose their natural color, 

 generally turning pale, but sometimes they are. dark. There 

 is diarrhoea with a greenish discharge, or like sulphur and 



