TABLE OF CONTENTS 



Page 



CHAPTER I 



CALVES FROM BIRTH UNTIL ONE YEAR OLD 



1. The Season when Calves Should Come 1 



(a) This is not entirely under the control of the owner. 



(b) Can be weaned with less hazard of arrested devel- 

 opment. 



(c) The grower has more time to care for them. 



(d) They are stronger to enter the first winter subse- 

 quent to weaning. 



(e) Winter dairying is the more profitable. 



(f) Prolonged milking is more easily sustained in the 



cows. 



(g) The steer calves are ready for market at the 



most suitable age. 



(h) The cows are dry when the pastures fail. 



(i) Under some conditions autumn production is un- 

 attainable. 



2. Economy of Rearing on Dams or by Hand 5 



(a) The annual cost of cow and suckled calf. 



(b) The annual cost of cow and hand-fed calf. 



(c) The returns from the cow and suckled calf, 



(d) The returns from the cow and hand-fed calf. 



(e) Rearing more than one calf per cow. 



3. Calves FOR Feeding, Breeding OR FOR Milk Production 8 



(a) Calves for feeding. 



(b) Calves for breeding. 



(c) Calves for milk production. 



4. Calves Reared on Their Dams 12 



(a) Management when they run with the dam. 



(b) Management when the calves are confined. 



(c) Supplementary food when confined. 



(d) Supplementary food in the pastures. 



5. Calves when Reared on Skim Milk 16 



(a) Duration of the whole-milk period. 



(b) Management while on whole milk. 



(c) Changing from whole to skim milk. 



(d) Supplementary concentrates. 



(e) Supplementary fodders. 



(f) Amount of milk to feed. 



(g) Duration of milk period. 



6. Calves when Reared on Whey 25 



(a) Aim to start them well on skim milk. 



(b) Supplementary concentrates. 



