6 THE MANAGEMENT AND FEEniNO OF CATTLE 



not be far different. In addition to the calf, the cow 

 hand-milked should furnish cream or its equivalent in 

 dairy products worth not less than $40.00. The calf 

 suckled by its dam should weigh not less than 750 

 pounds, and that hand-reared not less than 700 pounds. 

 Though the former sell for 5 cents a pound live weight, 

 the latter should sell for 43/2 cents. 



The account, therefore, will stand as follows: $37.50 

 the value of the calf reared on the dam, less $25.00, the 

 "\'alue of the food consumed by the cow, leaves $12.50 

 as the net cash return for keeping the cow and her calf 

 for a year. In the other case, $40.00, the value of the 

 cream or its equivalent, plus $31.50, the value of the 

 calf, less $28.00, the value of the food consumed by the 

 dam, leaves $43.50 as the net cash return. This amount 

 will be increased by adding to it the value of a part of 

 the skim milk, which will be more than offset by the 

 greater cost of the labor involved in handling the milk. 

 The value of the manure must also be considered, but 

 it will be practically the same in both cases. 



It is evident that on high-priced arable land, with 

 the prices for food that have ruled during recent years, 

 but little profit can be made from calves reared on their 

 dams when but one is reared for one season, and is dis- 

 posed of at the age of 12 months. But more profit 

 should result if the calf is grown until two years old 

 before it is sold, as then but half the cost of the food 

 consumed by the cow during the year that she suckled 

 the calf would be charged against it. It has been found 

 ])rofitable in some cases to grow beef under arable con- 

 ditions, when sold at the age of one or two years, though 

 reared on the dam. But such animals must be of some 

 beef breed high in fa\'or with dealer and consumer. 

 The}' must be grown by the system of high-pressure 

 feeding, and must be finished in the best form. The 

 profit accrues from the high price which such meat 



