CALVES FROM BIRTH UNTIL ONE YEAR OLD 35 



In some parts of Scotland calves are fed new milk 

 until about six weeks old, and then are vealed. In some 

 instances they are given the first milk drawn from the 

 dams while they are being milked. This is given to 

 them during the first few weeks of life, and that last 

 drawn is given to the calves that are older. The first 

 drawn milk, being less rich in fat, does not overload 

 the stomach and produce scouring, as does that last 

 drawn. That last drawn produces flesh, fat and juicy, 

 and can be taken with less hazard to the digestion by 

 the older calves. In some parts of Holland the calves 

 are kept in single stalls inclosed to the height of 4 

 to 5 feet, and so narrow that the calves may not turn 

 around in them. The ffoor is latticed, and ample bedding 

 is supplied. The stables or apartments are kept com- 

 fortable as to temperature. The object sought is to keep 

 the calves quiet and undisturbed. They are muzzled so 

 that they cannot eat the bedding. Certain ingredients, 

 as fresh ground shells, are given to prevent scouring. 

 They are sold at the age of 10 to 12 weeks. 



In some instances calves are grown on whole milk 

 and adjuncts, and are sold at the age of, say, six to nine 

 months, at which age the ffesh can scarcely be called 

 veal. This is practicable when two to three calves are 

 reared on one cow. It is too costly where but one calf 

 is reared during the entire period of lactation. The 

 calves are fed adjuncts as soon as they will take them. 

 The standard meal ration supplement given on page 21 

 will suffice while the calves are taking milk. Should 

 that be withheld, then ground corn, oats, bran, and oil 

 meal may be fed in the proportions of 4, 2, i, and i parts 

 by weight, and as much as they will consume. In many 

 instances such calves are kept even longer than the age 

 mentioned. 



Calves from dairy cows, the progeny of sires of the 

 beef breeds, are sometimes sold at a similar age to those 

 referred to in the preceding paragraph. They are given 



