JO THE MANAGEMENT AND FEEDING OF CATTLE 



to allow h^ilers not forward in pregnancy to occupy 

 the same quarters as those that are to' be made ready 

 for the block, unless the latter are being given grain to 

 push them forward in quantities that would be exces- 

 sive for the former; and even when more or less forward 

 in pregnancy, no harm should result from the mingling 

 of the animals, providing all are dehorned. It may also 

 be proper, under some conditions, to allow the constant 

 mingling of mature animals that are simply being car- 

 ried through the winter. AA'here the mingling referred 

 to in the two instances cited is admissible, the whole 

 problem of winter feeding is thereby much simplified. 



What has been said with reference to providing the 

 animals with litter in the one-year form, to turning out 

 the same in the spring, and also with reference to chang- 

 ing from pasture to ^vinter rations in the autumn, will 

 apply equally to the two-year-olds, and the same is true 

 of what is said regarding the salt supply. ( See pages 

 59-61.) With reference to the first, it would seem only 

 necessary to add that, when cattle are allowed to feed 

 around straw stacks in the yards or elsewhere, care 

 should be taken to prevent loss from the smothering 

 of any of the animals from the falling of the stacks or 

 portions of them that have been undermined : to the 

 second, that judicious management at such a time mav 

 prevent any loss of weight; to the third, that alfalfa hay 

 among fodders is best adapted to prevent constipation 

 in the absence of succulent foods, and to the fourth, that 

 the necessity for salt, though always present, increases 

 with increasing succulence in the foods. 



The importance of grading the feeding, as it were, 

 so that the food fed shall improve in quality, should be 

 duly considered. (See page 61.) So important is the 

 influence that may be thus exercised that it would seem 

 correct to say that two feeders may lie furnished with 

 foods the same in kind and to be fed in the same way to 

 the same class of animals, and vet the results will be 



