I06 THE MANAGEMENT AND FEEDING 01" CA'ITLE 



less flesh during the process of development. It is rea- 

 sonable to conclude that if a high condition of flesh in 

 growing heifers thus influences adverse performances 

 at the pail, it will likewise, though, possibly, in a less 

 degree, influence transmission in the same direction on 

 the part of those heifers to their progeny. If this result 

 follows, and it is generally conceded that it does, then it 

 is reasonable to conclude that bulls of the dairy breeds 

 kept in high flesh will transmit to their progeny more 

 or less of a bias in the direction of turning food into 

 flesh rather than milk, even after the period of lactation 

 has arrived. This would indicate that the bulls of the 

 dairy breeds should not be loaded with flesh during 

 development beyond what is necessary to maintain suf- 

 ficient growth and bodily vigor. On the other hand, 

 they should not be maintained in flesh so low as to 

 hinder or lessen maximum development in each instance, 

 or size and stamina will be lowered. 



Bulls of the beef type are maintained for the repro- 

 duction of animals that will use the food given to them 

 in the production of flesh, and that will deposit the flesh 

 produced on the carcass so as to meet in the most desir- 

 able manner the needs of the consumer. This means 

 that the flesh-producing habit in them should be encour- 

 aged through liberal feeding of such foods as will main- 

 tain a good condition of flesh without carrying an excess 

 of fat. An excess of fat is that amount which induces 

 aversion to taking a sufficiency of exercise for the main- 

 tenance of sufficient stamina. On the other hand, a low 

 condition of flesh during development will, in some de- 

 gree, create a bias of the system in that direction, and 

 this will so far militate against desirable transmission. 



The dual type of bull is maintained for the trans- 

 mission of the dual qualities of milk and meat produc- 

 tion. The more nearly that these can be transmitted in 

 equilibrium, the more perfectly will bulls of this class 

 fulfil the end for which they are kept. If it is true that 



