I08 THE MANAGEMENT AND FEEDING OF CATTLE 



male, because of the great influence through him which 

 it imparts to the progeny. Tlie temptation also should 

 be resisted to bring young dairy bulls to a condition of 

 flesh so high as to be antagonistic to their best use in 

 dairy herds. Such feeding is sometimes practiced to 

 facilitate sales. 



Young bulls of the beef breeds will be reared on 

 the dam or by hand. If reared on the dam, Init little 

 supplementary food, such as concentrates, is needed, 

 especially during the earl)' part of the nursing ])eriod, 

 providing the dam is a sufificiently good milker. Xo 

 food can be provided for the young calf that will, in all 

 respects, equal whole milk in promoting normal de- 

 ^•elopment. If the dam does not give enough milk to 

 maintain her calf in good form during the first two or 

 three months of its life, without calling in the aid of a 

 nurse cow to supplement the whole milk taken by the 

 calf, she furnishes evidence that her milking ciualities 

 are lower than they should be in a breeding cow, though 

 kept primarily to produce progeny grown for beef. The 

 food and care of such calves will be essentially the same 

 as that given relating to calves reared for breeding on 

 their dams. fSee page 12.) 



Although not absolutely necessary to insure stamina 

 in a high degree, calves that run with their dams have 

 the most favorable conditions for taking exercise that 

 can be furnished to them. AA'hen feeding a supplement 

 of concentrates, it is highly important that it shall not 

 1)6 too rich in carbohydrates; hence, in such a diet, corn, 

 barley, and rye should not form any large portion of it. 

 In order to secure quick sales at an early age breeders 

 \'er_v frequently make such calves so fat that they be- 

 come sluggish in action, and this lowers stamina and 

 weakens the powers of procreation. The future useful- 

 ness of some young bulls of the beef breeds is destroyed 

 before they have reached the age of one year. The 

 buyers of voung bulls are more responsible fur such 



