2l8 THE MANAGEMENT AND FEEDING OF CATTLE 



quantity up to, say, 30 to 40 pounds daily for a full- 

 grown cow, and the second and third in any quantity 

 up to, say, 50 pounds a day. Usually, however, such 

 feeding of roots will prove costly. Even 12 to 15 pounds 

 a day will prove greatly helpful to the milk flow, in the 

 absence of other succulent food. 



The concentrates will, of course, vary in quantity 

 and kind with the other foods fed. As the maintenance 

 of reasonable flesh in the dam is not to be overlooked, 

 corn or its equivalent in barley, rye, or speltz should 

 form an important factor in the concentrate. When 

 field roots are absent, the aim should be to add wheat 

 bran, oil meal, or cottonseed meal. Meal made from 

 succotash, such as wheat and oats, is excellent. But, as 

 a rule, the quantities of meal fed should be considerably 

 less than those given to cows that are being milked 

 when the chief object sought is a maximum of milk 

 production. It would seem correct to say that such 

 cows, when mature, should not, as a rule, call for more 

 than 3 to 6 pounds of meal daily, according to the nature 

 of the other food fed. It will doubtless be more profit- 

 able to insure growth in the calf by feeding it through 

 the cow. 



The following may be submitted as a standard 

 ration for feeding such cows in winter; Corn meal or 

 its equivalent, about 50 per cent by weight; wheat bran 

 or oats, or both, 40 per cent, and oilcake or cottonseed 

 meal, 10 per cent. The quantity fed must be gauged 

 by the condition of the cow, hence it is greatly advan- 

 tageous that the food given to each cow mav be ad- 

 justed to her needs and so fed that she may continue 

 consumption without molestation. The other food will 

 be ensilage fed at the rate of 30 to 40 pounds daily, and 

 such hay as may be on hand. 



When grade cows that nurse their calves in summer 

 are dry in winter, much that is said in Chapter XI about 



