3l8 THE MANAGEMENT AND FEEUINU UE CATTLE 



When thus kept out at night, the\' should be kept 

 in the stables during the day, but in well-^•entilated 

 apartments that are made dark during the time of flies. 

 These conditions may be secured by covering the open 

 windows with some substance, such as coarse sacking. 

 Wire netting is objectionable, because it does not suf- 

 ficiently darken the stables. Flies seek the light and 

 shun the darkness. While grazing, the animals should 

 be given as much good cured hay as they will eat. The 

 system seems to crave some dry fodder at such a time. 



Training for the shows. — The training to which the 

 cattle are subjected has an important bearing on the 

 placing of the awards. By training is meant practicing 

 the animals in leading, so that they will lead readily 

 and show to advantage when they are led. It also in- 

 cludes practicing them in standing in positions that are 

 calculated to make the most favorable impressions on 

 the judges. Intractability in an animal when in the 

 show ring makes an impression so unfavorable that such 

 an animal is seldom awarded high honors in a close com- 

 petition. 



The training begins by tying the calves daily or 

 frequently for a time in their stalls. This is done to 

 get them familiar with the halter. They should then be 

 led out quite frequently to secure that ready submission 

 to the requirements of the attendant which is so neces- 

 sary in such animals. It is scarcely possible to begin 

 such training at too early an age, as the earlier it is 

 begun, the more easily is it accomplished, and the more 

 ready and complete is the submission to the require- 

 ments of the attendant. Thus carefully trained to lead 

 and to submit, the animal, so to speak, never becomes 

 fully aware of its own strength. 



For some time before the fairs, the animals should 

 be led out quite frequently and trained to follow readily 

 under conditions in which the surroundings vary, at 

 least in some instances, as when the)- are 'led among 



