STABLING SUITABLE FOR CATTLE 361 



the tank or in the pipes. This, however, might not hold 

 good in all climates. A hose is sometimes attached and 

 the floor is flushed, in consequence of which foul odors 

 seldom give trouble. 



The passages behind the drop average 4 feet 6 inches 

 in width. The drop is 4^4 to 6 inches high, and is made 

 by planting a row of flag stones on end so that they are 

 of uniform height. The floor of the passage slants up- 

 ward for some distance as it recedes from the drop. The 

 liquid in the droppings thus finds its way to the edge of 

 the drop. The gradual slant in the floor admits of the 

 use of a scoop shovel, if need be, in lifting the droppings. 

 These are removed by a stone boat drawn by one horse. 

 It is so arranged that it may be drawn by hitching to 

 either end. 



The ventilation of the basement is secured in part 

 by box ventilators which extend upward from the base- 

 ment along the walls; in part by small doors hinged on 

 the corners of stable doors; in part by the sliding win- 

 dows, and in part by the openings through which bed- 

 ding and fodder are thrown down from above. These 

 could all be regulated so as to be used for ventilation 

 only when needed and to the extent needed. 



The drawing on page 360 shows the ground plan of 

 the barn. It will be noticed that it is built on the end- 

 drive plan. The fodder and grain are elevated by means 

 of power. One person can usually put the food in place 

 in the mows when it has reached the same, unless when 

 up near the roof. When the mows are filled to the roof, 

 the center can be then filled as far as necessary by using 

 scaffolding. The windows, six on each side, and one in 

 each end, are hung on a rod so that they may be tipped 

 in and out, and two large doors, one at each end, just 

 under the ridge, are also made to swing in and out, by 

 the aid of a pulley and rope coming down to the ground 

 floor. It will be observed that the granaries are con- 

 venient to the room for chaffing and grinding the food. 



