STABLING SUITABLE FOR CATTLE 369 



On page 368 is sliown a stall intended to accommodate 

 cattle that weigh from 1,000 to 1,600 pounds, and that 

 may or may not suckle their calves. The construction is 

 the same as in the stall represented on page 365 except in 

 the partitions and general dimensions. The partition 

 is built squarely at the rear, and a little more than half 

 the distance back from the manger to the gutter. This 

 brings the upright 6 x 4-inch oak posts at the rear of 

 the partition about in front of the hook or hip joint of 

 the cows. The posts are guttered on the inside to re- 

 ceive the partition boards. The width of these stalls 

 is from 3 feet 6 inches to 4 feet from center to center. 

 The distance from the manger to the drop is 5 feet 8 

 inches. 



The sketch on page 370 shows the stanchions used in 

 feeding calves and also the mangers. The stanchion part 

 of the structure is 3 feet 6 inches high. It slopes away 

 from the manger to increase the capacity of the latter, 

 and to allow the calf greater freedom in withdrawing 

 the head from the stanchion. The material used is inch 

 elm lumber, well seasoned before put in place, and it 

 has proved sufficiently strong and otherwise satisfactory. 

 The next space for the youngest calves need not be more 

 than 5 inches at the first, but as they develop more space 

 is required. To meet this exigency, a number of holes 

 have been bored into the stanchion frames, so that the 

 movable upright pieces may be shifted accordingly. 

 This excellent device is peculiar to these stanchions. 

 When the calves approach the age of one year, the mov- 

 able pieces may with advantage, in some instances, be 

 entirely removed. 



The bottom of the manger is made of 2-inch hem- 

 lock. It is 16 inches wide inside, and is raised 6 inches 

 above the floor. The side of the manger over which 

 the calf feeds rises up 8 inches above the bottom of the 

 same. The lower half of this distance is filled by a 2 x 4 

 scantling resting on the manger bottom, and the other 



