STABLING SUITABLE FOR CATTLE 37I 



half by the bottom framework of the stanchion. The 

 top part of the manger over which the calf feeds is 13 

 inches from the ffoor, and should not be higher for young 

 calves. These should not be left thus fastened even 

 during the day, as they will be unable to lie down 

 properly. The side of the manger next to the feeding 

 alley is practically 2 feet high and rises 23.^ feet above 

 the floor. The outward slope given 'is a very decided 

 advantage when placing milk buckets in the manger 

 and when removing them while the calf is confined in 

 the stanchion. The divisions in the mangers are 2 feet 

 apart, and this should be regarded as a minimum. The 

 divisions extend upward only to the curved line shown 

 in the illustration, but these are to be raised, as shown 

 in the dotted line, to prevent the calves from sucking 

 one another's ears. Each of the four calf pens, includ- 

 ing manger space, is 15J4 feet by 1254 feet. This has 

 been found sufficient for eight calves up to the age of 

 five to six months, when these are also given the liberty 

 of an adjacent yard or paddock. 



Rack and manger for loose cattle. — Young cattle 

 properly graded may usually be cared for more cheaply, 

 as already intimated (see page 58), when they run 

 together in a stable or shed and take their food from a 

 common rack or manger. A feed rack and manger that 

 has been found very suitable in feeding such cattle at 

 the Michigan experiment station is submitted on page 



372. 



The manger is 16 inches wide on the bottom, 20 

 inches at the top, and 9 inches deep, inside measurement 

 being given in each instance. The bottom of the manger 

 is 22 inches above the ground and the top is 31 inches. 

 The rack for roughage, which projects into the alley, 

 rests on the back of the manger. It is 2 feet 4 inches 

 high and 2 feet wide at the top, and is close boarded 

 on the side next the alley. The front part through 

 which the roughage is drawn while being eaten is 2 feet 



