INSECTS INJURIOUS TO CATTLE 4OI 



tonuraus and Tinea favosa. Both are due to a fungous 

 growth vegetable in character. In many respects they 

 act similarly notwithstanding some points of difference, 

 and the treatment for both is the same. 



Ringworm is so named doubtless from the circular 

 shape of the patches in the affected parts. These are, of 

 course, more or less irregular in shape, and vary in size 

 from, say, yi inch to several inches. The hair from the 

 parts affected has broken or dropped off, and the skin 

 underneath is slightly thickened and covered more or less 

 with light-colored scales. More commonly it is found 

 on the necks and heads of calves that have been con- 

 fined in stables during the winter and generally toward 

 the arrival of the spring season. Very frequently the 

 skin is affected around the eyes, and, in some instances, 

 patches appear on the body. It is a contagious affection. 



The injury resulting comes, first, from the unrest 

 caused by the itching, which is more or less present, 

 and, second, from the extent to which its presence ren- 

 ders the animals unsightly. Being contagious in char- 

 acter, the wisdom of combating it promptly will be at 

 once apparent. Although contagious it is not readily 

 transmitted from one species of animal to another. Such 

 transmission, however, is possible under favorable condi- 

 tions. 



Whatever the application used as treatment, it will 

 be more effective if the affected parts are well soaked 

 with soap and warm water. A brush should be used to 

 remove the dead skin scales or crusts, and the same 

 should not be used on other animals until sterilized. 

 Then follow with any one of the following treatments 

 as may be most convenient: (i) Carbolic acid and 

 glycerine in the proportions of i and lo parts; (2) 

 tincture of iodine and tincture of iron equal parts; (3) 

 iodide of sulphur and good pure lard in the proportions 

 of I and 8 parts; (4) nitrate of mercury ointment. The 

 first remedy should be applied every other day by rub- 



