150 LJSSSONS WtTS PLANTS 



the other end of the connective. We have, then, 

 still a fourth kind of anther- bearing, but it is 

 clearly a special case of versatile arrangement; that 

 is, it is not a general type or mode. 



Suggestions. — The presence o£ pollen is the one infallible proof 

 of stamens. The pollen is commonly in the form of yellow grains, 

 and is easily recognized even by the naked eye. In identifying 

 stamens, note first the form and dehiscence of the anther, then the 

 position of the stamen with reference to other parts of the flower. 

 Find the stamens of the apple, rose, strawberry, carnation, lily, 

 crocus, lilac, honeysuckle, verbena, orange, fuchsia, geranium. 



XXVII. THE INSERTION OF THE FLOWER 



166. We have discovered (Obs. xx.) that there 

 are several ways in which the petiole is attached 

 to its support. In the mustard (Fig. 134), all the 

 parts of the flower are inserted at or near a 

 common point, which is really the end of the 

 flower- stalk. Since so many parts are attached at 

 this place, the area becomes enlarged, and it pro- 

 jects laterally beyond the base of the ovary. 

 This expanded end of the flower- stalk, or the 

 flower -seat, is known as the receptacle or torus. 



167. It is further observable that all the parts 

 of the mustard flower are separate; or, in botani- 

 cal language, the members are "free and distinct," — 

 free when they are not combined with (or joined 



