BERRIES 



273 



Suggestions. — In making such studies as those reoommeiided in 

 the last paragraph, both teacher and pupil should consider that 

 mere identification is not the end to be 

 sought. It is always a satisfaction to know 

 the names of plants, but the important re- 

 sults, from the educational point of view, 

 are the awakening of sympathy with natural 

 objects, the sharpening of the powers of ob- 

 servation, and the strengthening of the fac- 

 ulty of reasoning from the object to laws 

 and principles. These results are obtained !; :7 i 

 most readily by studies of contrasts and 

 comparisons. With very young pupils, the 

 objects should be few, perhaps not more 

 than two or three ; but the numbers and Pio- 266. 

 range of objects selected for comparison may increase Key of 



rapidly with the progress of the scholar. white 



ash. 



Fig. 265. 



Samara of hop 

 tree. 



'.■II 



Pig. 267 



Key of 

 black 



mg 

 will 



LII. BERRIES 



323. We have seen the grape 

 flower in Fig. 208. The calyx is 

 almost obsolete, and the petals 

 and stamens soon fall away. The 

 pistil alone remains, and this ripens 

 into a berry, as seen in Fig. 273. 

 The ovary is 2-locnled, and the 

 locules are 2-ovuled. Is the grape 

 always 4 -seeded? There is noth- 

 about the pistil of the grape to show that it 

 become a berry and not a capsule. That is, 



Pio. 268. 



Key of com- 

 mon Amer- 

 ican elm. 



