122 



NATURAL HISTORY OF ARTHROPODS. 



Fig. 176. — Gonyleptes curvipes. 



states Phalangium dorsatum, a grayish species with a darker dorsal hand, is very 

 common. Cosmetus ornatus occurs in the southern states, while Acanthocheir 



armatum is a blind form found in Mammoth Cave. 

 These forms have an inflated, oval body, and the 

 hinder femora unanned. The family Teogulidje, 

 with a flat, elongate abdomen and the cephalothorax 

 produced forwards, covering the mouth-parts Uke a 

 roof, has not been reported from America. 



Sub-Okdeb II. — Pedipalpi. 



These forms, which are commonly known as 

 whip-scorpions, are all inhabitants of tropical and 

 semitropical countries. They have eight ocelli, two 

 in the median line and three on either side. The 

 chelicerae are short and two-jointed, while the palpi 

 are long and large, tei-minating in a more or less 

 perfectly formed pincer. The first pan- of legs is the longest, and the tarsal joint is 

 broken up into a long series of articles, well shown in our figure of Phrynus, The 

 abdomen is slightly constricted at the base, and is composed of eleven or twelve joints. 

 There are two pairs of stigmata. 



Two well-marked types exist, forming the genera Phrynus and Thdyphonus, each 

 of which may be regarded as forming a family to which the names Phetnid^ and 

 Theltphontd^ are re- 

 spectively appUcable. ' 



In Phrynus the palpi 

 are very long, the carpal 

 joint strongly spined. 

 The first pair of legs 

 are long, and both the 

 tibial and tarsal joints 

 are broken up into 

 series of rings. The 

 abdomen is oval. The 

 young are born alive. 

 The species are all trop- 

 ical, none occumng 

 within the limits of the 

 United States, though 

 Phrynus asperatipes 

 occurs in Lower California ; a second species is found in the West Indies, and two 

 more are known from Southern Mexico and Central America. Other forms are found 

 in the tropics of both hemispheres. 



Thelyphonus is much more scorpion-like in appearance, and to the species of this 

 genus the name whip-scorpion is most applicable. The palpi are short and stout, and 

 the joints are covered with stout, sharp spines ; the first pair of legs is very long, but 

 only the tarsus is broken up into small joints. The abdomen is long and somewhat 

 slender and twelve-jointed, the last three joints being much smaller than the rest. 



Fig. 177. — Acanthocheir armata, enlarged. 



