MOTHS AND BUTTERFLIES. 479 



species, the bulk of them (as has been stated) belonging to tropical America and Asia. 

 There are no true Thedas in Australia, theicjplaoe there being occupied by allied 

 genera, as Hypochrysops and Jalmenes. J. evagoras is a common species in some 

 parts of the island, the larvae feeding in large companies on the young leaves of the 

 wattle. Acacia decurrens. 



Ogyris is a singular genus, in which the male and female are very unlike, both in 

 form and coloring, some of the latter having orange or yellow spots, while the males 

 are the brightest purple. They are natives of Australia, and delight to fly about the 

 tops of the tall eucalyptus trees. Nothing is known of their earlier stages. A very 

 aberrant genus Eummus, with four or five species, occurs in Florida, Central 

 America, and the West Indies. The species are very beautiful, bronze-black, with 

 bright green or blue maculate borders and a golden sheen over all. 



We pass by Eumceus to the next family, generally known as the Eetcinid^ ; but, 

 according to Mr. Kirby, this name is pre-occupied, and he proposes in its stead that of 

 Lemoniid^. The family is sub-divided into the following sub-families : Lemoniinse, 

 Euselasiinae, Nemeobinse, and Libythaeinse. They are generally characterized by the 

 male having but four perfect feet, while the female has six, the sub-families being 

 distinguished by minor details of habit and structure. 



The Lemoniinse are, for the most part, very beautiful insects, adorned with bright 

 colors, such as red, yellow, orange, and green spots on a black ground. There are also 

 many very peculiarly formed species in this group, in which the secondaries are fur- 

 nished with fine tails, such as the exquisite genus Helicopis, of which H. ciipido and 

 H. acts are well-known species from Brazil. In these the wings are yellowish white, 

 with the base orange, the borders blackish, and the under side beautifully spotted with 

 shining silver. But few species of Erycinidse inhabit the United States, the most sin- 

 gular forms being Apodemia, of which three species, A. mormo, A. virgulti, and A. 

 palmeri, are pretty brown insects, with white chequered spots, the first being found in 

 Nevada, the second in southern California, and the last in Arizona. Allied to these, 

 though probably of a different genus, is Lcmonias nais, first described as a Chryso- 

 phanus. It is from southern Utah and Colorado. Two species of Charis are also 

 found in our limits. They are orange-brown in color, with the lower side of a more 

 vivid shade, with a number of black and silver dots arranged in the form of bands. 

 They are among the smallest of our butterflies. 



The Euselasiinae, or Eurygoninae, are curious forms, in which the wings are often 

 very abruptly truncate at the apex, with deep sinuses along the margins. There are 

 over seventy species of this sub-family. 



Of the Nemeobinae the typical genus NemeoMus is represented in Europe by the 

 single species JST. lucina, a small orange-brown insect, with black dots and marks, at 

 first sight like one of the " coppers " of the family Lycaenidae. It also bears a super- 

 ficial resemblance to some species of Melitcea. It is rather common in France and 

 Germany, and has also been taken in some abundance in various parts of England. The 

 caterpillar has been described by Hiibner as feeding on primrose and cowslip, Primula 

 veris and P. elatior. " Its color is pale olive-orange, with black dots, with bristly 

 warts and long feathery hairs. It moves very slowly, rolls itself up when disturbed, 

 and remains a long time in that state. Its appearance at different ages varies con- 

 siderably." 



The Libythaeinae has but one genus, Lihjthcea, in which the palpi are prolonged into 

 the form of a beak and the wings are robust and angular. There are but eight species 



