484 THE OCEAN WORLD. 
The calmars, common enough in temperate regions, abound in 
the seas of the torrid zone; they are gregarious, and live in nume- 
rous shoals, these flocks taking every year the same direction, their 
emigration proceeding from temperate to warm regions—nearly the 
‘same course as that followed by the herrings and pilchards. 
The calmars, like the cuttles, propel themselves backwards through 
the water with great velocity, driving back the water by means of 
their funnel, moving with such vigour and promptitude that they have 
been known to throw themselves out of the water, falling on the shore 
Fig. 327.—Loligo vulgaris, with its pen; Fig. 328.—Loligo Gahi 
or internal bone (Lamarck). (d’Orbigny). 
or on the deck of a vessel. They only appear momentarily on the 
shore, and only sojourn there to deposit their eggs, which are gela- 
tinous in substance, about the level of the lowest tides. The body 
in the calmars is longer than in the cuttle-fish, cylindrical in shape, 
and terminating in a point, having two lateral fins, which occupy the 
lower half or one-third of its body. 
In the common calmar, Loligo vulgaris (Fig. 327), and the Lolgo 
Gahi (Fig. 328), we have two extreme forms represented, both taken 
from the magnificent work of MM. d’Orbigny and Ferussac, on the 
Cephalopodes acetabulifores. These molluscs are whitish-blue and 
transparent, covered with spots of bright red. The pen is lanceolate— 
that of the male elongated and somewhat resembling a feather, that 
of the female much broader and more obtuse. Their head is short, 
