6 TABLE OF CONTENTS 



VI. NATURAL SELECTION. 



Facts on which the theory is founded — Rate of increase of organ- 

 isms — Variations — Differences — Use of the phrase "Natural 

 Selection " — Darwin's views stated — Evolution of man not due 

 to chance — Evolution represented hy the tree as a figure — Varia- 

 tion under domestication — Darwin claims that well-marked 

 variations are incipient species — Difficulty of accounting for 

 cross-sterility of closely-related species — Difficulty of preserving 

 a variation in a state of nature — Assumption of cross-sterility 

 by birth as an explanation — Isolation regarded as of importance 

 in forming new species — Barriers fail to account for new 

 species — Impossible for Natural Selection to do what is done by 

 artificial selection — Inheritance of acquired characters. . 65-86 



VII. PALEONTOLOGY. 



Length of geological time — Eozoon — Lost record claimed, preceding 

 the Primordial — Animals of the Primordial highly organized — 

 Sub-kingdoms and classes from the first widely separated — Ab- 

 sence of transitional forms — Species appear as if by " substitu- 

 tion" and 'not by "transformation" — Fragmentariness of the 

 record exaggerated — Evolutionist assumes that the "missing 

 links " favor his theory — Romanes regards the known geological 

 record as " a chapter of accidents " — Le Conte's theory that spe- 

 cies are evolved suddenly — Evolutionists have largely abandoned 

 Paleontology. ....... 87-103 



VIII. PALEONTOLOGY. 



The evolution of man inconsistent with the known stability of spe- 

 cies — Species of long life — Doubt by Darwin as to advance of 

 organization, on the whole — Long history of Trilobites without 

 progress — Lack of progress among mollusks — Little progress 

 among insects, scorpions and spiders — Huxley's address as to 

 lack of [progress in structure — Suddenness of the appearance of 

 Fishes— The oldest fossils do not represent the lowest members 

 of the classes — Great differences in structure of Eocene mam- 

 mals — The classes of vertebrates began earlier than their known 

 fossils. . ...... 104-134 



IX. PALEONTOLOGY. 



Haeckel's primitive vertebrate, Amphioxus — Balanoglossus as a con- 

 necting link — Long existence of these forms without change — 

 Various long-lived forms that have made no progress — Remains 

 of placental mammals ought to be found in Cretaceous — Great 

 diversity of Eocene mammals — Sudden appearance of Eocene 



mammals — "Whales of the Miocene — The horses of the Tertiary 



Conclusions to be drawn. ..... 125-140 



