26 GRAMINEJE. 



Plains of Mendocino Co.; Mt. Tamalpais, Marin Co.; Cedar 

 Mountain, Alameda Co.; Monterey Co.; and southward to San 

 Diego Co. 



CiTPBESSTJS MACKOOAKPA Hartw., Monterey Cypress, is found only 

 about Cypress Point, Monterey Co. 



ANGIOSPERM^. 



Ovules borne in a closed sac or ovary, whieb after fertilization of 

 tbe ovules matures and forms the fruit. 



MONOCOTYLEDONS. 



Vascular bun'dles scattered through the stem, occurring without 

 regular order. Leaves with parallel veins. Parts of tbe flower in 

 threes or sixes. Embryo with 1 cotyledon. 



3. GRAMINE/E. Grass Family. 



By J. BxTRTT Davy. 



Ours annual or perennial herbs, rarely tall and reed-like. Nodes 

 solid, sometimes branching, the lower often emitting secondary roots; 

 internodes usually hollow at maturity (pithy in most Andropogonese, 

 some Panioese, etc.) the lowest sometimes shortened and corm-like. 

 Leaves alternate, with a J phyllotaxy, mostly sessile, the lower por- 

 tion (sheath) clasping the stem like a tube. Sheath lined by a mem- 

 brane which is usually prolonged beyond the point of union of sheath 

 with blade, as an erect, usually hyaline. projection (the ligule) which 

 is sometimes reduced to a ring of hairs or is rarely obsolete. Blades 

 narrow, mostly linear; veins parallel, sometimes in aquatic species 

 united by cross veinlets. Flowers collected into diminutive, spici- 

 form, 1 to many-flowered clusters called spikelets, which are 

 usually subtended by a pair (rarely one or both obsolete) of mem-* 

 branaceous, chartaceous, coriaceous or cartilaginous bracts. Spikelets 

 arranged in spikes, racemes or panicles. Flowers perfect, monoecious, 

 polj'gamous, or rarely dioecious; when monoecious the staniinate and 

 pistillate flowers may be in the same spikelet (sometimes in Arrhen- 

 atherum), in separate spikelets, or in separate inflorescences as in Maize 

 (Zea); when polygamous, the staminate flowers may be either in the 

 same spikelet, as in Holcus, etc. , or more rarely in separate spikelets 

 as in many of the Andropogone*. Flowers distichously arranged on 

 the axis (the rachilla) of the spikelet, each subtended by a pair of 

 modified leaves (rarely 1 being obsolete); the lower of these (the 

 bractlet) often similar in texture to the bracts of the spikelet; the 

 upper (the palea) usually thinner, hyaline, with usually 2 nerves. 



