126 liliacejE. 



narrowly or broadly oblong, rather abruptly short pointed, 7 to 13 in. 

 long, 2 to 4J in. broad; peduncle 15 to 20 in. high, bearing a termi- 

 nal umbel of 16 to 19 flowers and with 2 to 4 scattered clusters borne 

 laterally, the lateral clusters 1 to 4-flowered or rarely none; flowers 5 

 to 8 lines long, rose-red or pink; filaments thickened toward the base 

 and pubescent below the middle. 



Shade of woods near the coast from the Santa Cruz Mountains to 

 Marin Co., and northward to Humboldt Co. May-June. Said to 

 occur in the ravines about Kedwood Peak, Oakland Hills. C. ttni- 

 FLORA Kunth, of the Sierras, has 1 or 2 white flowers. 



20. MAIANTHEMUM Wigg. 



Stem low from a horizontal rootstock, bearing 2 or 3 broad leaves 

 and white flowers in a terminal raceme, the pedicels solitary or 2 or 3 

 in a cluster. Perianth-segments 4. Stamens 4, with filiform fila- 

 ments. Ovarj' 2-celled; stigma 2-lobed. Fruit a red globose berry. 

 (Greek maios, May, and anthemon, flower, in allusion to the flowering 

 period. ) 



1. M. bifolium DC. var. dilatatAjm Wood. Stems simple, erect, 

 4 to 14 in. high, bearing 2 or 3 ovate or triangular-cordate leaves, 

 2J to 4J in. long, the petiole of the lower one sometimes longer than 

 the blade; radical leaf very long-petioled, almost as tall as the flower- 

 ing stem; raceme pedunc'led, J to 2 in. long; pedicels 1 to 2 lines 

 long; perianth-segments oblong-obovate, 1 to IJ lines long, becoming 

 deflexed; berry 3 lines in diameter. 



Swampy places near the coast from Marin Co., northward. 



21. SMILACINA Desf. False Solomon's Seal. 

 Stems simple and leafy, from horizontal rootstocks, bearing a termi- 

 nal raceme or panicle of small white flowers with minute bracts. 

 Leaves alternate, sessile, many-nerved. Pedicels jointed at the sum- 

 mit. Perianth persistent, the segments distinct and spreading. 

 Stamens with subulate fllaments inserted at the base of the segments; 

 anthers versatile. Ovary sessile, ovate, 3-celled; style short and thick, 

 3-lobed at the summit, persistent; ovules 2 in each cell. Fruit a 

 globose, 1 to 3-seeded berry. Seeds subglobose, with thin testa and 

 horny albumen. (Diminutive of smilax.) 



riowers in a simple raceme; perianth segments twice as long as the stamens. 

 „, . . , ... I. S. sessilifolia. 



Flowers in a panicle; filaments broad and much longer than the perianth 

 segments . . . . -2. S. amplexicaulis. 



1. S. sessilifolia Nutt. Rootstock slender; stem 1 to 2 ft. high, 

 usually flexuous above; leaves lanceolate or ohlong-lanceolute, 2 to 6 

 in. long, acute or acuminate, sessile and clasping, more or less pube- 

 rulent; raceme open, ses.sile or shortly peduncled, the spreading 

 solitary pedicels 2 to 7 lines long; perianth-segments IJ to 4 lines 

 long, lanceolate, the stamens half as long; style" nearly equaling the 

 ovary; berry red-purple or nearly black, globose, 3 to 5 liifes in 

 diameter, 1 to 4-seeded; seeds whitish, subovoid, 2 lines long. 



