268 SAXIFRAGACE^. 



gynous. Calyx 5-lobed or -cleft. Petals 5. Stamens in ours definite, 

 5 or 10 (or sometimes variable in Whipplea). Ovary superior or 

 more or less adherent to the calyx, 2 to 5 (or 7)-celled, the stign)as 

 as many as the cells or placentae, the latter either parietal or axile. 

 Fruit a capsule, follicle, or berry. 



Herbs; fruit a capsule or follicle; leaves alternate. 

 Ovary 2 (or 3)-cellea with axile placentae, or of 2 or 3 nearly distinct 

 carpels; petals 5. 



Stamens 10 1. Saxifeaga. 



Stamens 6 2. Boykinia. 



Ovary 1-celled, with 2 or 3 parietal placentae alternate with the styles or 

 stigmas. 

 Stamens 10, not exserted; petals mostly cleft or toothed; styles 2 or 3, 



very short 3. Teh-ima. 



Stamens 10, filiform, exserted, as also the 2 styles; petals inconspicuous, 



almost filiform 4. Tiaeella. 



Stamens 5 ; styles 2, little exserted ; petals entire, small . . 5. Heucheea. 



Ovary 1-oelled with 3 or 4 parietal placentae opposite as many sessile 



stigmas; cluster of united sterile filaments alternate with the stamens, 



i. e., at the base of the petals; sepals, petals and fertile stamens 5; 



flower solitary on a scape-like penduncle, showy ... 6. Pabnassia. 



Low trailing shrub; leaves opposite; stamens mostly 10; ovary about % 



free, 3 to S-celled, becoming a capsule 7. Whipplea. 



Shrubs; leaves alternate; stamens 5 or 4; ovary wholly inferior, 1-eelled, 

 in fruit a berry . 8. Rises. 



1. SAXIFRAGA L. SAXirRAOE. 

 Perennial herbs, with the radical leaves clustered, either acaulescent 

 or short-stemmed. Calyx either free from or cohering with the base 

 of the ovary, 5-cleft or -parted. Petals 5, entire, deciduous. Sta- 

 mens 10. Styles 2. Capsule 2-beaked, 2-celled, opening down or 

 between the beaks, or sometimes the fruit consists of 2 nearly separate 

 follicles. Seeds numerous. (Latin saxum, a rock, and frango, to 

 break . ) 



Leaves not cordate, longer than petiole; filaments usually not dilated: var. 



Californica of 1. S. Virginiensis. 



-Leaves cordate, the petiole commonly 1 to 3 times as long; filaments dilated 



toward apex . . . . . 2. S. Mertensiana. 



1. S. Virglniensis Miohx. var. Californica. Acaulescent; pubes- 

 cent with scattered hairs, those toward summit of scape dlstimitly 

 gland-tipped; leaves elliptic, rather coarsely serrate, somewhat undu- 

 late, ^ to 2 in. long, longer than the broad petiole or nearly sessile; 

 flowers white; lobes of the calyx ovate, reflexed; petals orbicular or 

 often emarginate, IJ lines long; anthers red, filaments not dilated; 

 ovary half coherent with the calyx, the 2 carpels almost distinct. — (S. 

 Californica Greene.) 



Hill country, mostly in the neighborhood of rocky places: Coast 

 Eanges and Sierras. Mar.-Apr. 



2. S. Mertensiana Bong. Acaulescent, villous-hirsute, the hairs 

 tipped with red glands; leaves orbicular-cordate, J to 3J in. broad, 

 crenately toothed or shallowly incised; petioles long (1 to 7 in.1; 

 scape bearing a panicle of white flowers with lanceolate bracts; calyx 

 segments nearly distinct; petals ovate-oblong, 2 lines long; anthers 



