344 UMBELLIFEE^. 



4. E. articulatum Hook. Erect, sparingly branched above, 2 to 

 3 ft. high; lower leaves fistulous, elongated, jointed; upper leaves 

 sometimes opposite; heads ovoid, 4 to 7 lines high; bracts narrowly 

 linear, elongated, more or less spinulose-serrate; bractlets blue, lanceo- 

 late, entire, more or less scarious-margined; calyx-lobes bluish, 

 lanceolate, equaled by the stj'les. 



First collected in the Couer d'Alene region, Idaho, by Geyer; com- 

 mon in the Suisun Marshes (whence the type specimens of E. Hark- 

 nessii Curran, which, ace. to Britten, Journ. Bot. July, 1900, 

 is a synonym); should be looked for in the Alvarado Marshes. 

 Aug. -Sept. 



4. SANICULA L. Snake Root. 

 Glabrous perennials with almost naked or few-leaved stems and 

 irregularly compound few-rayed umbels. Involucres usually of leafy 

 and toothed bracts. Involucels of small and entire bractlets. blow- 

 ers greenish yellow, or purple in no. 5, unisexual, or perfect and 

 staminate, both sorts in the same head-like cluster or umbellet, the 

 staminate flowers often pedieeled. Calyx-teeth slightly foliaceous, 

 persistent. Fruit subglobose or obovoid, without ribs, densely 

 uncinate-prickly, the prickles tuberculate or pustulate at base. Oil- 

 tubes large, commonly 3 dorsal and 2 commissural, or many and 

 irregularly distributed. (Diminutive form, derived from Latin 

 sanere, to heal, certain species used in medicine.) 



Mature fruit pedioeled; leaves palmately lobed or divided. 

 Bractlets about 5 Hues long, much exceeding the urabellets; sterna 



decumbent 1. S. arctopoidea. 



Bractlets 1 line long or less, shorter than the umbellets ;" stems erect , 



2. iS. Menziesii. 

 Mature fruit sessile. 

 Salt marsh species ; leaves not divided ... . . . 3. S. maritima. 



Hill country species. 



Leaves palmately parted or divided .4. S. laciniaia. 



Leaves pinnately divided and subdivided. 

 Stems from a rootstock ; leaf divisions decurrent on the toothed raohis. 



5. S, bipinnatijida. 

 Stems from an elongated tuber; leaf-divisions mostly of distinct 



leaflets 6. S. bipinnata. 



Stems from a globose tuber; leaf-divisions finely dissected. . . . 



7. S. tuberosa. 



1. S. arctopoides H. & A. Herbage of a yellowish green hue; 

 proper stem short (1 to 2 in. long) and simple, from a thickened root- 

 stock, bearing at base a tuft of leaves and above several divergent 

 scape-like mostly decumbent branches, each bearing an umbel of 1 to 

 3 rays; leaves palmately parted, the division laciniately cleft into 

 spreading segments; rays 3^ in. long or less; involucre foliaceous; 

 umbellets S lines in diameter, surrounded by conspicuous involucels 

 of 9 to 13 oblong entire bractlets 5 lines long, or 4 or 5 much shorter 

 than the others; flowers yellow; fruit short-pediceled, IJ lines long, 

 naked at base, with strong prickles above; seed face nearly plane. 



On open or brushy hills, common in the seaward Coast Ranges: 

 Mendocino; Bodega Pt.; Inverness; Mt. Tamalpais; Tiburon; San 

 Francisco; Santa Cruz; Monterey. Mar.-Apr. 



