PARSLEY FAMILY. 345 



'2.. S. Menziesii H. & A. Root fusiform-thickened; Btem con- 

 spicuously ridged, mostly simple and unbranched, 2 to 5 ft. high or 

 less, with a terminal compound umbel and few to several lateral ones, 

 or with 3 or 4 long-peduncled compound umbels; peduncles long (5 

 to 10 in.) or shoi-t; i-adical leaves roundish in outline, 2^ to 5 in. 

 broad, palmately 3 to 5-cleft, the divisions again shallowly 2 or 3-cleft 

 with incised-serrate margin, the teeth cuspidate; petioles 6 in. long or 

 less; cauline leaves similar or the divisions narrow and petioles of the 

 uppermost shorter than blade; bracts of involucre toothed; rays in 

 flower about J in. long; braotlets lanceolate, entire, 1 line long or 

 less; staminate (sterile) flowers distinctly pediceled, 2 or 3 in each 

 head; perfect (fertile) flowers 6 to 9 in each head, the ovary in 

 fruit becoming pediceled; fruits obovate, 1 to \^ lines long, covered 

 with hooked. prickles, at length divei-gent. 



Most common near or under Oaks in openly wooded country of the 

 foothills: Southern California; Oakland Hills; San Francisco Penin- 

 sula; Napa Valley; Solano Co., Marysville Buttes, etc. Mar.-Apr. 

 Fr. May-June. 



3. S. maritima Kell. Stems 12 or 14 in. high from a thickened 

 rootstock; radical leaves rather numerous, mostly entire or with 

 slightly serrate margin, orbicular or elliptical with cordate base, on 

 long (4 to 6 in.) petioles, blade If in. long or less; cauline leaves 

 mostly 3-parted and more or less toothed, occasionally some of the 

 radical similar; umbels 1 to 3-rayed; rays 1 to 3 in. long; involucre 

 of large foliaceous bracts; involucels of many small lanceolate bract- 

 lets; flowers yellow, the staminate ones short-pediceled; fruit nearly 

 naked at base, prickly above. 



Lowlands near salt marshes: Alameda; San Francisco. 



4. S. laciniata H. & A. Stems erect, little branched and few- 

 leaved, J to IJ ft. high; leaves mostly radical, roundish in outline, 

 palmately cleft or parted, the divisions laciniately toothed; cauline 

 leaves and foliaceous involucres similar but more deeply parted into 

 narrower divisions; flowers yellow, in dense globose heads 2 to 3 lines 

 across; umbel, with 2 to 5 unequal rays (J to IJ in. long) or partly 

 compound; involucels oblong-ovate or lanceolate, exceeding J line; 

 sterile flowers on long pedicels; fruit somewhat naked below, prickly 

 above, IJ lines long; seed-face deeply grooved and somewhat involute. 



Hill slopes near the coast from Marin Co. southward to Southern 

 California. Mar.-Apr. 



5. S. bipinnatifida Dougl. Slightly succulent; stems branching, 

 leafy below, always erect, 8 in. to 2 ft. high; leaves ovate or orbic- 

 ular in outline, pinnately 5 to 7-parted or -divided, the divisions 

 laciniately lobed and toothed and decurrent on the toothed rachis; 

 radical leaves including the petiole 4 to 14 in. long; peduncles 4 to 

 10 in. long; flowers purple, in dense heads, borne on rays 1 or 2 (or 

 even 4) in. long or almost wanting, the umbel simple or partly com- 

 pound; involucre foliaceous; involucels of about 13 or 14 lanceolate 

 bractlets 2 lines long or less; fruit prickly all over, IJ to 2 lines long; 

 seed-face concave, with median longitudinal ridge. 



