392 SOLAN'ACE^K. 



1. D. meteloides DC. Tolguacha. Erect branching plant, 

 2 or 3 ft. high; leaf-blades broadly ovate, sinuate-dentate below the 

 acute apex or nearly entire; petioles ^ to f as long; calyx cleft into 5 

 lanceolate teeth; corolla with funnelform throat; limb 3 to 6 in. wide, 

 with 5 slender subulate teeth J to f in. long; anthers white, J in. long; 

 capsule globose, 1 in. long, densely spiny; spines short, 2 lines long, 

 pustulate-dilated and pubescent at base; seeds 2 lines long, light- 

 colored, flat, smooth. 



Widely distributed in California from Lagoon Valley, Solano Co., 

 to Stockton and southward to Southern California. Common in the 

 San Joaquin Valley. July-Sept. 



2. D. Tatula L. Purple Thokn-Apple. Plants 1 or 2 ft. high; 

 stems purplish; corolla purplish, 3 to 4 in. long, the limb 2 in. wide 

 or less; anthers purple, 2 lines long; capsule ovoid, with many very 

 stout subequal prickles; seeds thickish, brown, finely pitted and rugose, 

 or with umbilicate markings. 



Introduced, not common: Russian River Valley; Olema, Marin Co.; 

 Monterey. 



3. D. Stramonium L. Stramonium. Similar to the preceding, 

 but the stems greenish and the flowers white; capsule with few spines, 

 the lower much shorter than the very stout upper ones which are J in. 

 long. 



Introduced, rare: Stockton, H. P. Fitch. 



3. SOLANUM L. Nightshade. 

 Ours herbs. Flowers in umbels on short lateral or terminal pedun- 

 cles. Calyx of 5 divisions. Corolla rotate, 5-lobed, with scarcely any 

 tube. Anthers almost sessile, lightly connate into a cylinder sur- 

 rounding the style, opening by a small pore at the apex or longitudi- 

 nally dehiscent. Fruit a berry with several seeds. (Latin name of 

 the Nightshade, from solamen, quieting.) 



Annual; peduncles longer tlian the pedicels; corolla small, 5-cleft: var. 



Douplasii of 1. S. nigrnm. 



Perennial; peduncles much shorter than the pedicels or almost none; 

 corolla larger. 6-angled or -lobed, with greenish glands at base. 

 More or less suffrutescent ; pubescence tomentose, of branched hairs. . . . 



3. S. iimbelliferum. 



Herbaceous or nearly so; pubescence viscid, of simple hairs 



2. S. Xanti. 



1. S. nigrum L., var. Douglasli Gray. Black Nightshade. 

 Low spreading annual, often several ft. across, dark green and gla- 

 brous, more or less conspicuously scabrous on the angles of the stem; 

 leaves elliptic-ovate, acute, narrowed to a petiole, entire, toothed or 

 angulate-sinuate, 1 to 3 in. long or the very lowest 5 in. long; corolla 

 small, whitish, aging to purplish, 2 to 3 lines broad, its segments 

 oblong-lanceolate and ciliolate toward the apex; filaments and style 

 pubescent; fruiting peduncles J in. long or more, bearing 3 to 5 

 berries on more or less recurved pedicels; berries blue-black, nearlv 

 as large as peas. 



