490 f:oMPOsrrj?. 



Pappus of disk-achenes of numerous capillary bristles. 

 Pappus reddisli or rusty brown; pappus of ray scanty or none; perennial 



herbs 87. Coeethrogyne, p. 564. 



Pappus dull white; pappus of ray similar to disk. 

 Bracts of the Involucre mostly in 2 or more series, usually with her- 

 baceous tips ; rays usually numerous; perennial or annual herbs. . . 



88. Aster, p. 565. 

 Bracts of the inyolucre in 1 or 2 series, without distinctly herbaceous 



tips; rays very numerous and narrow; perennial or biennial herbs. 



89. Eeigeron, p. 567. 



D. Flowers whitish or yellowish, dioecions; rays none. 

 Ours shrubs except one . . 90. Baccharis, p. 669. 



Tribe 11. Eupatorieae. Eupatoey Teibe. 



Oui's herbs or suffrutescent plants with white or flesh-oolored 

 perfect disk-flowers and no rays. Receptacle naked. Anthers not 

 caudate at base. Style-branches stigmatic only below the middle. 



Leaves opposite; pappus of awns and palese . 91. Teichocoeonis, p. 570. 



Leaves alternate; pappus of bristles only . . 92. COLEOSANTHtJS, p. 571. 



Tribe 1. Cichorieae. Chicoby Tribe. 



1. CICHORIUM L. 



Perennial herb, the leaves mostly radical, those of the stiff branch- 

 ing stem reduced and bract-like. Flowers blue, in sessile heads. 

 Keceptacle without bracts. Bracts of the oblong involucres herba- 

 ceous, in 2 series, the outer 4 or 5, somewhat spreading, the inner 

 about 8, erect. Achenes 5-angled, truncate, beakless. Pappus of 2 

 or 3 series of short blunt palese. (Altered from the Arabic name.) 



1. C. Intybus L. CHicoKy. Stems erect from a deep taproot, 2 

 to 4 ft. high; radical leaves runcinate-pinnatifid; heads in sessile 

 clusters along the nearly naked branches; flowers rarely white. ■ • 



Waste fields, escaped from gardens: Berkeley, Oakland, etc. 

 Eoot used as a substitute for coffee. 



2. SCOLYMUS L. 



Erect glabrous thistle-like herb. Leaves alternate, rigid, sinuate- 

 dentate or pinnatifid, decurrent, the lobes spinescent. Heads rather 

 large, terminal and lateral, sessile. Flowers yellow. Bracts of the 

 involucre in few rows, scarious-margined and spinescent-tipped, 

 subtended by foliaoeous bracts. Receptacle chaffy, the chaff more 

 or less embracing the beakless achenes. Pappus a crown of 

 scarious unequal palese. (Old Greek name.) 



1. S. Hispanicus L. Golden Thistle. Native of the Medit- 

 erranean Region, naturalized at Los Gatos. Leaves and stalks used 

 as food in Spain. 



Rhagadiolus Juss. Annual herbs with yellow flowers. Bracts 

 of the involucre in a single row, narrow, rigid, incurved, enfolding 

 the marginal achenes, stellately spreading in age, sparingly hispid. 



