508 coMPoaiTjE. 



perennial root, about 2 ft. high; leaves oblong-oblanceolate in out- 

 line, pinnately lobed, moderately prickly, bright green above, lightly 

 arachnoid-tomentose beneath, 4 to 7 in. long; heads medium, in 

 ilower 1 to IJ in. high, commonly borne in pairs on longish but 

 rather unequal peduncles; bracts of the involucre oblong, scariously 

 margined and dilated at apex, cuspidate and lacerately fringed; 

 innermost bracts elongated-oblong or lanceolate, ending in a scarious 

 innocuous point; lobes of the corolla as long as the throat. — (Cardiius 

 callilepis G-reene.) 



San Francisco; Berkeley Hills; Tocaloma, Marin Co. Last of 

 May to early July. Rather uncommon. 



10. C. remotifolium (Gray). Plants 3 to 8 ft. high; herbage 

 nSarl3' glabrate, loosely arachnoid or minutely flocculeut; leaves 

 pinnately lobed to divided, the divisions of at least the lower diver- 

 gently 3-lobed, more or less whitened by the loose tomentum beneath 

 even in age; heads in flower 1 in. or at most IJ in. high, rather 

 long-peduncled, naked or nearly so at base; involucre broadly tur- 

 binate, lightly arachnoid and glabrate; bracts elongated-oblong or 

 linear or subulate, scariously margined and commonly somewhat 

 fimbriate towards the cuspidate tip; corolla yellowish white, its 

 segments much shorter than the throat; pappus of coarse bristles, 

 the strongest with club-shaped tips. — (Cnicus remotifolius Gray.) 



Dry mountain ridges from Knoxville, Napa Co., northward.' Aug. 

 In plants from Lake Co. the bracts of the involucre are frequently 

 not lacerate nor scarcely soarious-margined. Plants from Howell 

 Mountain referred to this species have clustered instead of solitary 

 heads on long peduncles, and campanulate involucres. 



11. C. Californicum (Gray). Tall and paniculately branching, 

 often 4 to 6 ft. high, very leafy toward the base, the white wool 

 more or less deciduous; leaves narrow, mostly about 6 in. long, from 

 sinuately to deeply pinnatifld, moderately prickly; heads solitary on 

 long peduncles. If to 2 in. high, naked; involucres hemispherical, 

 somewhat woolly; bracts with coriaceous base and lanceolate spread- 

 ing but incurved upper portion, the terminal prickle short; corollas 

 cream-color, white or rarely purple; lobes shorter than the throat; 

 anther-tips deltoid. — (Cnicus Californicus Gray.) 



Mt. Diablo range (aco. to Greene); common in the Sierra Nevada 

 from the Stanislaus (where first collected by Bigelow) and the Coulter- 

 ville Grade to Tosemite and southward. 



12. C. Coulter! (Gray). Stems freely branching above, 3J to 7 ft. 

 high; herbage white-tomentose or becoming green; radical loaves 

 pinnately parted into lanceolate divisions, 10 to 15 in. long; lower 

 cauline leaves oblong, shallowly sinuate, with sparse and weak 

 prickles, 8 in. long, decurrent for about J in.; uppermost leaves 

 lanceolate; heads large, nearly 2 in. high, on almost naked peduncles 

 1 ft. or more long; involucre hemispherical, less woolly than the next 

 or nearly glabrous; bracts of involucre with appressed subcoriaceous 

 base and the long lanceolate prickle-tipped upper portion spreading, 

 either straight or incurved, or sometimes the outermost deflexed; inner- 



