GOLDFISH BREEDS 



stand from the sides as though they were ruffled, and giving to the fish 

 somewhat the appearance of being covered with barnacles. The scales are 

 unevenly imbricated, so that they appear somewhat scattered, like those of 

 the mirror carp; although they entirely cover the body of the fish. 



The singular appearance of these fishes led American breeders to 

 suppose them to be diseased, but later they were recognized as a variety 

 of the Japanese Telescope, the distinctive peculiarity being the scale 

 formation. The colors are mottled red and white with black and white 

 fins and tail. So far as is known, these fishes are now extinct in the 

 Eastern section of the United States, the last importation having been 

 received in 1897. Recent repeated inquiries and efforts to obtain breed- 

 ing fishes by direct importation have been unsuccessful, leaving it an open 

 question whether they should be recognized as a separate breed or an 

 accidental variation which was lost. 



THE CHINESE TELESCOPE GOLDFISHES 



This singular breed is of Chinese origin but is also bred in Japan, 

 In it may be observed the peculiarities of the Chinese breeder and his desire 

 to produce abnormalities. The head and snout are considerably shortened; 

 the body is rounded and egg-shaped, the dorsal fin erect and set far back 

 on the spine; all the lower fins are paired; and the double tail is divided to its 

 base and carried straight out at a downward angle. The vertebral column 



/Ov is also curved downward behind in an ab- 



j/ Vk I. Common Goldfish, . . i i i i j 



V f Fringetaii, etc. —flat normal Way to produce a hunch backed 

 L -. ^y^^- . condition. There are both scaled and 



transparently-scaled Telescopes, the for- 

 mer being generally recognized as of 

 Japanese breeding. As the name implies, 

 the principal peculiarity is the develop- 

 ment of the projecting eyes. Fig. 17, which 

 have the character of spheres, ovoids, 

 truncated cones or segmented spheres set 

 upon the sides of the head, the eyeballs 

 appearing to almost wholly project from 

 the orbits, and the cornea forming a seg- 

 ment of a much smaller sphere than does 

 the eyeball proper. As a result of this 

 peculiarity, the anterior portion of the eye 

 is more acute than the larger posterior 

 portion. The iris is also very distinctly 

 outHned. In addition to the abnormally 



2. Chinese Telescope 

 Goldfishes — as spheres. 



3, Chinese Telescope 

 Goldfishes — as ovoids. 



4. Chinese Telescope 

 Goldfishes — as trun- 

 cated cones. 



5 . Chinese Telescope 

 Goldfishes — as segment- 

 ed spheres. 



6. Chinese Celestial 

 Telescope Goldfishes as 

 spheres, with pupils 

 turned upwards. 



FIG. 17— The Eyes of 

 Goldfishes. 



52 



