ANGER OF BEES. 63 
putting on boxes, lifting out comb frames, putting on and 
taking off feeder, removing the honey board, examining 
the rearing boxes in queen raising, etc., smoke the hive 
well. In short, use smoke freely when about to perform 
any operation upon the bees. Before touching the hive 
give the bees two or three smart puffs at each entrance 
of the hive ; then commence your operations immediately. 
If the honey board is over the brood section, and your 
operations are to be performed in that part of the hive, 
raise the board just enough to puff in the smoke, but not 
enough for the bees to come out. Give them the smoke 
here freely for about one minute, before you remove the 
board. They will show their submission by a loud hum- 
ming throughout the hive. When they set up this hum- 
ming noise is the time to proceed with your work. Re- 
move the honey board entirely, keeping the smoker at 
hand ready for use, and giving them a puff of smoke 
occasionally to keep them under submission. 
It is best for the inexperienced bee raiser to protect 
the hands and face in all operations, at least until he 
feels perfect confidence in his ability to avoid irrritating 
the bees sufficiently to cause them to sting. To protect the 
hands, wear thick woolen mittens, with very long wrists, 
so they will come up over the dress or coat sleeve, thus 
protecting the hands and wrists completely from stings. 
To protect the face and neck, get coarse black lace, one- 
half yard wide and a yard and a quarter in length. 
Take three-fourths of this piece for the front breadth and 
the balance for the back breadth. Seam together at the 
