' CHAPTER VI. 
TOBACCO-PIPES, SMOKING AND SMOKERS. 
an Ios HE implements used in smoking tobacco, from the 
“i, rude pipe of the Indian to the elaborate hookah of 
A the Turk, show a far greater variety than even the 
2 various species of the tobacco plant. The instru- 
ments used by the Indians for inhaling the tobacco smoke 
were no less wonderful to Europeans than the plant itself. 
The rude mode of inhaling the smoke and the intoxication 
produced by its fumes suggested to the Spaniards a better 
method of “taking tobacco.” Hariot, however, found clay 
pipes in use by the Indians of Virginia, which though having 
no resemblance to the smoking implements discovered by 
Columbus, seem to have afforded a model for those afterward 
manufactured by the Virginiacolony. The sailors of Colum- 
bus seemed to have first discovered cigar, rather than pipe- 
smoking, inasmuch as the simple method used by the natives, 
consisted of a leaf of maize, which enwrapped a few leaves 
of the plant. 
The next instruments discovered in use among the Indians 
were straight, hollow reeds and forked canes. Their mode 
of use was to place a few leaves upon coals of fire and by 
placing the forked end in the nostrils and the other upon the 
smoking leaves, to inhale the smoke until they were stupified 
or drunken with the fumes. Their object in inhaling the 
fumes of tobacco seemed to be to produce intoxication and 
insensibility rather than a mode of enjoyment, although the 
enjoyment with them consisted of seeing the most remark- 
able visions when stupefied by its fumes. Such were the 
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