126 MATERIAL FOR PIPES. 
beautiful variety of brown porphyry, granulated with various- 
colored materials, the whole. much changed by the action of 
fire, and somewhat resembling porcelain. It is intensely 
hard, and successfully resists the edge of the finest-tempered 
knife. The length of the 
base is five inches; breadth 
of the same one inch and a- 
quarter. The bowl is one 
inch and a-quarter high, 
slightly tapering upwards, 
but flaring near the top. The 
hollow of the bowl is six- 
_ tenths of an inch in diameter. 
The perforation answering to the tube is one-sixth of an 
inch in diameter, which is about the usual size. This cir- 
cumstance places it beyond doubt that the mouth was applied 
directly to the implement, without the intervention of a 
tube of wood or metal.” 
This is an account of a simple pipe, with a small bowl ; but 
most of the pipes found in the moundsare highly ornamented 
with elaborate workmanship, representing animals such as 
the beaver, otter, bear, wolf, panther, raccoon, squirrel, wild- 
cat, manotee, eagle, hawk, heron, swallow, paroquet, etc. 
One of the most interesting of the spirited sculptures of 
animal forms to be found on the mound pipes, is the repre- 
sentation of the Lamantin, or Manotee, a cetacean found only 
in tropical waters, and the nearest place which they at. 
present frequent is the coast of Florida—at least a thousand 
miles away. According to Sir John Lubbock, these are no 
rude sculptures, for the characteristics of the animal are all 
distinctly marked, rendering its recognition complete. Many 
modern Indians are possessed of a wonderful aptitude for 
sculpture, and they appear to gladly exchange their work for 
the necessaries of life. 
The material most prized for the purpose of pipe-making 
is the beautiful red pipe-stone of the Coteau des Prairies, 
which is an indurated aluminous stone, highly colored with 
red oxide of iron. It is frequently called “ Catlinite,” out of 
compliment to George Catlin, the distinguished collector.of 
Indian traditions, who claims to be the first European that 
INDIAN PIPE. 
