138 PIPE OF THE BOBEEN INDIANS. 
use, consisting of a bowl carved oat of stone without much 
attempt at ornament, but with perforations on two sides, so 
that two smokers can insert their pipe-stems at once, and 
enjoy the same supply of tobacco. It does not appear, how- 
ever, that any special significance is attached to this sinzular 
fancy. The Saultaux Indians, a branch of the great Algon- 
quin nation, also carve their pipes out of a black stone found 
in their country, and evince considerable skill in the execu- 
tion of their elaborate details. But the most remarkable of 
all the specimens of pipe sculpture executed by the Indians 
of the north-west are those carved by the Bobeen, or Big-lip 
Indians,--so called from the singular deformity they produce 
by inserting a piece of wood into a slit made in the 
lower lip. ; 
The Bobeen Indians are found along the Pacific coast, 
about latitude 54°, 40’, and extend from the borders of the 
Russian dominions eastward nearly to Frazer River. The 
pipes of the Bobeen, and also of the Clalam Indians, ocen- 
pying the neighboring Vancouver’s Island, are carved with 
the utmost elaborateness and in the most singular and gro- 
tesque devices, from a soft blue clay-stone or slate. Their 
form is in part determined by the material, which is only | 
procurable in thin slabs, so that the sculptures, wrought on 
both sides, present a sort of double bas-relief. From this, 
singular and grotesque groups are carved without any appa- 
rent reference to the final destination of the who!- as a pipe. 
The lower side is generally a straight line, and in the speci- 
mens I have examined they measure from two or three to 
fifteen inches long; so that in these the pipe-stem is included. 
A small hollow is carved out of some protruding ornament 
to serve as the bowl of the pipe, and from the further end a 
perforation is drilled to connect with this. The only addition 
made to it when in use is the insertion of a quill or straw as 
a mouth-piece. The Indians have both war and peace 
pipes. ‘ 
The War pipe is a true tomahawk of ordinary size with a 
perforated handle the tobacco being placed in the receptacle 
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