THE WAR PIPE. 139 
above the hatchet the handle serving as a pipe-stem and used 
for either pipe or tomahawk. Many varieties of Indian 
Pipes have been 
found not only in 
the Western and 
Southern mounds 
but in Mexico and 
Central America. 
Fine specimens are 
found in Florida 
and some elabo- 
rately carved have 
been unearthed in 
Virginia. Wilson 
says of the pipes 4 WAR PIPE. 
used by the Indians: “The pipe stem is one of the charac- 
teristics of modern race, if not distinctive of the Northern 
tribes of Indians.” In alluding tothe pipes more particularly 
hesays: “Specimens of another class of clay pipes of a larger 
size, and with a tube of such length as obviously to be 
designed for use without the addition of a “pipe-stem,” 
most of the ancient clay pipes that have been discovered are 
stated to have the same form; and this, it may be noted, 
bears so near a resemblance to that of the red clay pipe used 
in modern Turkey, with the cherry-tree pipe stem, that it 
might be supposed to have furnished the model. 
The bowls of this class of ancient clay pipes are not of 
the miniature proportions which induce a comparison between 
those of Canada and the early examples found in Britain; 
neither do the stone pipe-heads of the mound-builders suggest 
by the size of the bowl either the self-denying economy of 
the ancient smoker, or his practice of the modern Indian 
mode of exhaling the fumes of the tobacco, by which so 
small a quantity suffices to produce the full narcotic effects 
of the favorite weed. They would rathar seem to confirm 
the indications derived from the other sources, of an essential 
difference between the ancient smoking usages of Central 
America and of the mound-builders, and those which are 
