TURKISH PIPES. 157 
East is to place a hookah in the center of the apartment, 
range the guests around, and let all have a whiff of the pipe 
in turn; but in more luxurious establishments a separate 
hookah is placed before each guest. Some of the Egyptians 
use a form of hookah called the narghile or nargeeleh—so 
named because the water is contained in the shell of a cocoa- 
nut of which the Arabic name is nargeeleh. Another kind, 
having a glass vessel, is called the sheshee—having, like the 
other, a very long tube. Only the choicest tobacco is used 
with the hookah and nargeeleh; it is grown in Persia. 
“ Before it is used, the tobacco is washed several times, and 
put damp into the pipe-bowl, two or three pieces of live 
charcoal are put on the top. The moisture gives mildness to 
the tobacco, but renders inhalation so difficult that weak 
lungs are unfitted to bear it. The dry tobacco preferred by 
the Persians does not involve so much difficulty in ‘blowing 
a cloud.’ 
TURKISH CHIBOUQUES AND WOOD PIPES. 
“The stiff-stemmed Turkish pipes, quite different from the 
flexible tube of the hookah and narghile, are of two kinds, 
the kablioun or long pipe, and the chibouque or short pipe. 
Some of the stems of the kablioun, made of cherry tree, jas- 
mine, wild plum, and ebony, are five feet in length, and are 
bored with a kind of gimlet. The workman, placing the 
gimlet above the long, slender branchlet of wood, bores half 
the length, and then reverses the position to operate upon 
the other half. The wild cherry tree wood, which is, the 
most frequently employed, is seldom free from defects in 
the bark,and some skill is exercised in so repairing these 
defective places that the mending shall be invisible.” 
The tubes or pipe-bowls used with these stems are mostly 
a combination of two substances—the red clay of Nish and 
the white earth of Rustchuk; they are graceful in form and 
sometimes decorated with gilding. It is characteristic of 
some of the Turks that they estimate the duration of a 
journey, and with it the distancé traveled, by the number of 
pipes smoked, a particular size of pipe-bow] being understood. 
Dodwell, in his “ Tour through Greece,” says that “a Turk 
‘is generally very clean in his smoking apparatus, having a 
small tin dish laid on the carpet of his apartment, on which 
the bowl of the pipe can rest, to prevent the tobacco from 
