OATS — HARVESTING, MARKETING, ENEMIES 303 



the most common of which are the formahn treatment 

 and the hot-Water treatment. 



The formalin treatment consists in dipping the seed for 

 ten minutes in a 

 solution containing 

 one pint of formalin 

 to 30 gallons of 

 water. The seed 

 may , be ' put in 

 loosely woven sacks 

 and the entire mass 

 immersed in the 

 solution. The seed 

 is then dried suf- 

 ficiently to run 

 through the drills, 

 or if immediate sow- 

 ing is impossible, 

 the seed should be 

 spread and thor- 

 oughly dried to pre- 

 vent germination. 

 If the grain is sown 

 while in a, swollen 

 condition, the quan- 

 tity to the acre 

 should be increased 

 accordingly. 



370. The hot- 

 water treatment 

 consists in immersing the seed for ten minutes in water kept 

 at a temperature of from 132° to 133° F. In order that the, 

 temperature of -the hot water may not be greatly reduced 



Fig. 47. — Smut of | oats, showing a smutted 

 head and for comparison a spund oat head. 



