SPRUCE PIRS. 17 



The seeds are small and nearly black, with thin transparent 

 oblong wings. 



A fine graceful tree, resembling Abies Smithiana, from 80 to 

 100 feet high, with horizontal branches and pendulous branch- 

 lets. 



It is found on the mountains of Dewa and Matsu, in the 

 northern part of the island of Nippon, in Japan, and constitutes 

 a great part of the woods that are planted about the temples 

 near Youkahama. 



The Chinese name for this Fir is " Jo-bi-sjo" (common or 

 native Fir), and the Japanese " Torano-wo-momi" (the Tiger's- 

 tail Fir), on account of the long pendulous branches on old 

 trees resembling the tail of a tiger ; they also call it " Siro- 

 momi" (White Fir), in allusion to its timber being light- 

 coloured or almost white. 



No. 11. Abies rubra, Poiret. The Eed or Arctic Spruce Fir. 

 Syn. Picea rubra. Link. 



Abies rubra Californica, Sort 

 Arctica, Cunningham. 

 „ rubra Arctica, Hort. 

 Pinus Americana, Odrtner. 



Americana rubra, Waugh. 

 „ rubra, Lambert. 

 Abies nigra, var. rubra, Michaux. 

 Leaves solitary, very slender, awl-shaped, rigid, sharp- 

 pointed, thickly and regularly scattered all round the 

 branches, somewhat four-sided, half an inch long, and of a 

 glaucous pale green colour. Branches horizontal and slender. 

 Cones oblong, egg-shaped, tapering regularly to both ends, pen- 

 dulous, about one inch long, and half an inch broad, and of a 

 reddish-brown colour. Scales round, somewhat lobed or divided 

 in the centre of the upper margin, and entire ; the middle 

 scales the largest, those near the apex the smallest, and more 

 wedge-shaped. Seeds very small, with short stiff wings. 

 A tall tree, varying in stature according to soil and situation, 

 c 



