6 ABIES, OE 



of the mountain slopes of the Middle Park above the head of 

 Grand Eiver. A magnificent tree, 100 feet high, with an even 

 columner trunk, from 2 to 2J feet in diameter at the base, but 

 tapering upwards, and covered with a thin, smooth, scaly bark 

 of a purplish colour. It is also found abundantly on the head 

 waters of the Kettle, Colorado, Missouri, and Columbia rivers ; 

 and, according to Dr. Fendler, it extends down to Santa F^ in 

 New Mexico. 



No. 4. Abies excelsa, D. C, the Common Norway Spruce. 

 Syn. Abies Picea, Miller. 



„ „ communis, Hort. 



„ „ Carpatica, Hort. 



„ „ rugosa, Hort. 



„ Picea excelsa, Link. __ 



„ „ Latinorum, Bauhm. 



„ „ major prima, Bauhm,. 



„ „ vulgaris, Limk. 



„ Pinus cinerea, Bcdmg. 



„ „ excelsa, Lamarck. 



„ „ Picea, Du Roi. 

 ,, Abies, Linn. 

 Leaves scattered, solitary, four-sided, deep sombre green, 

 curved, stiff, sharp-pointed, and more crowded together later- 

 ally than on the upper and under sides, and nearly 1 inch in 

 length. Branches on young trees nearly horizontal and dis- 

 posed in regular whorls from the base to the summit ; but in 

 old trees the bottom branches drop off, and the others become 

 rather pendulous. Cones produced on the points of the upper 

 branches, and when full grown become pendent ; from 5 to 7 

 inches long, and 1| to 2 inches in breadth. Scales irregularly, 

 four-sided, or rounded, slightly incurved and rugged, or toothed 

 at the top. Seeds very small, with a wing three-quarters of 

 an inch long. Seed-leaves from 7 to 9 in number. 



A fine lofty tree, attaining to the height of 150 feet, or even 

 more in a favourable situation, with a straight trunk, from 2 



