1856 CLIII. GRAMINE^. [Sremochtoa. 



1. E. muricata (rough with short tubercles), Hack. Mono.Andro. 262; Book, 

 in Fl. Brit. Ind. vii. 140. Quite glabrous, shortly creeping:, stems compressed, 6 

 to 18in. high. Leaves 3 to Bin. long, 2 to 3 lines broad, tips rounded apioulate. 

 Spike often falcate, 2 to Sin. long, linear ; rhachis glabrous, brittle, not excavated. 

 Spikelets 2 lines long, 1st glume broadly ovate-oblong with 2 fan-shaped terminal 

 wings, dorsally slightly convex, many-nerved, wings crenate ; spines very many 

 upcurved, nearly as long as the glume is broad. Pedicellate spikelet a single 

 lanceolate acuminate coriaceous nerved glume with thin inflexed margins. — 

 Andropogon pectinatus, Steud. Syn. Gram. 369. 



Hab.: Generally met with on dry ridges in southern and a few northern localities. Also in 

 India. 



2. Zi. bimaculata (2 spotted), Hack. Mono. Andro. 263 ; Hook, in Fl. Brit. 

 Ind. vii. 140. Habit etc., oi E. muricata, but leaves much narrower, narrowed at 

 the obtuse tip ; spikes more slender ; spikelets much narrower, with fewer nervf s 

 and shorter spines, callus puberulous. First glume elliptic subacute with 2 smtU 

 low rounded terminal wings ; spines shorter than the glume is broad. — IschcBmum- 

 pectinatum, Benth. Fl. Austr. vii. 521. 



Hab.: On dry ridges. The above two species are both included in the ,F1. Austr., under the 

 name of Ischcenmm pectinatum. 



35. POGONATHERUM, Beauv. 



(Probably referring to the hair-like awns.) 



Delicate annual or perennial grasses with capillary peduncles. Leaves erect. 

 Spikelets 1 to 2-flower6d, binate (usually a sessile hermaphrodite and pedicellate 

 female) imbricate on the fragile rhachis of a solitary terminal capillary, spike, 

 2-awned ; awns capillary, often interlaced. Glumes 4, membranous ; 1st oblong, 

 concave, tip truncate or rounded, long ciliate ; 2nd as long as the first or rather 

 longer, tip acute or 2-toothed, awn terminal ; 3rd (in the upper spikelet wanting 

 hyaline, paleate, male ; 4th hyaline, narrow, 2-fid, long awned, palea oblong, 

 glabrous. Lodicules wanting. Stamens 1 or 2, anthers long. Stigmas slender. 

 Grain free, oblong. 



1. P. saccharoideum (Sacoharum-like), Beauv. Agrost. 56, t. ii. /. 7. A 



slender branching often tufted grass, the stems leafy throughout, and from 1 to 

 2ft. high, nodes slightly bearded, Leaves narrow, 1| to 2^ inches long, tapering 

 to fine points, sheaths slightly hairy but with long silky hairs at the top similar 

 to the Hgula. Spike from 1 to l^in. long, on a slender thread-like peduncle, the 

 silky hairs and awns often assuming a golden hue. Spikelets about 1 line long, 

 the 5 spreading hair-like awns ^ to fin. long and more or less twisted. 

 Hab.; Johnstone Eiver, W. B. Kefford; and other tropical localities. 



36. ARTHRAXON, Beauv. 



(Jointed at the stem.) 



(Batratherum, Nees.) 



Spikelets 1-flowered, "essile in the alternate notches of the articulate rhachis 



of simple spikes, with a short pedicel in the same notch usually without any 



spikelet, the spikes sessile or shortly pedunculate in a simple terminal panicle. 



Glumes 4, the outer one the largest, membranous, several-nerved, the 2nd keeled, 



acute, the 3rd smaller, hyaline, all awnless, 4th or terminal glume shorter than 



the 2nd, hyaline but keeled, with a dorsal awn arising from the base but twisted 



and bent as in Andropogon. Palea very small and hyaline. Styles distinct. 



Grain enclosed in the outer glumes but free from them. — Stems usuall weak or 



slender with short broad leaves. 



The genus is gen,erally spread over tropical Asia and Africa, the only Australian species 

 apparently a slight variety of a common Indian one. 



