84 NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 
Orper ANSERES.—Tue LamettirostraL 
SwIMMERS. (Page 1.) 
Families. 
(Characters same as for the Order)........+.:sseeeeeseee . Anatide. (Page 84.) 
Famuiy ANATIDZZ.—Tue Ducks, GEESE, AND SWANS. (Page 84.) 
Eggs numerous, always unmarked, with a hard and usually smooth shell. 
Genera. 
a, Neck shorter than body. 
b'. Tarsus shorter than middle toe, without claw. 
c. Lower mandible without trace of lamelle along the side, but with a 
series of distinct, tooth-like serrations along the upper edge. 
(Subfamily Mergine.) 
d@, Culmen longer than tarsus, and three times, or more, the depth of 
bill at base. 
e. Serrations of both mandibles very conspicuously tooth-like, 
and strongly inclined backward at tips. 
Merganser. (Page 88.) 
e. Serrations of both mandibles short, blunt, and not distinctly 
inclined backward at tips......... Lophodytes. (Page 89.) 
d?, Culmen shorter than tarsus...............es0000 Mergus. (Page 90.) 
e. Lower mandible with a very distinct series of Jamellw along the side, 
in addition to the series along upper edge. (Subfamily Anatine.) 
d', Lower portion of tarsus in front with a row of transverse scutella. 
e'. Lores entirely densely feathered ; wing less than 12.00. 
fi. Tail normal. 
g'. Hind-toe without a distinct membraneous lobe. 
ht. Bill not spatulate. 
?. Tail-feathers narrow and pointed at tip. 
yj. Tail graduated for less than one-third its 
total length, or else consisting of only 
14 feathers, and culmen shorter than 
middle toe without claw. 
Anas. (Page 90.) 
Ff. Tail graduated for more than one-third 
its total length, consisting of 16 
