90 NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 
Genus MERGUS Linnaus. (Page 84.) 
Species. 
Adult male: Prevailing color pure white, but this relieved as follows: A patch 
covering lores and narrowly surrounding eyes, deep black with a greenish reflec- ) 
tion; under portion of crest glossy greenish black; back, rump, some of the wing- 
coverts, secondaries, and two narrow crescentic bars across sides of chest, deep 
black; upper tail-coverts and tail ash-gray ; length about 16.50, wing 7.75, culmen 
1.10. Adult female: Upper part of head, including lores, reddish brown; rest of 
head, with neck (except behind), and lower parts, white; upper parts, sides, and 
flanks ash-gray, darker on back; chest tinged with pale ashy; smaller than the 
male, and crest less developed. Downy young: “Upper parts, including sides of the 
head below the eye, but only on the back of the neck, dark blackish brown, darkest 
on the crown and the lower part of the back; at the base of the wing-joint a white 
spot, and another close to it, but rather lower down the back, and on each side of 
the rump another white spot; below the eye a very small white spot; underparts 
white; breasts and flanks pale grayish or sooty brown.” (Drzsssr.) Hab. Europe, 
etc.; accidental or occasional in eastern North America (?). 
M. albellus Linn. Smew.! 
Genus ANAS Linnavs. (Page 84, pl. XXIL, figs. 2-5; pl. XXIII, fig. 1.) 
Species. 
a‘, Culmen longer than middle toe, without claw. 
b'. Width of upper mandible near tip more than one-third the commissure, the 
upper and lower outlines of maxilla more or less convex for terminal 
half. 
c. Wing more than 8.00; scapulars and larger tertials broad, and without 
light-colored median stripes in adult male. (Subgenus Anas.) 
d', Smaller wing-coverts uniform grayish brown or brownish slate; 
tertials without light edgings; sexes very different in plumage; 
wing with two distinct white bands. 
Adult male: Head and neck soft, brilliant metallic green; 
chest rich dark chestnut, separated from green of neck by 
a collar of pure white; speculum rich metallic violet, bor- 
dered anteriorly by a black bar, this preceded by a white 
bar, and posteriorly by a black subterminal and white 
terminal band. Adult female (and male in breeding season) : 
Wings as above; elsewhere varied with dusky and ochra- 
ceous or buffy, the former on central or median portion of 
the feathers, and predominating on upper parts, the latter 
on edges, and prevailing on lower parts. Downy young: 
1 Mergue albellus Linn., 8. N, ed. 10, i, 1758, 129, 
