96 NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 
tail-coverts barred with brown. Young male: Similar to adult 
female, but more richly colored. Length 18.00-20.00, wing 10.00- 
11.00, culmen 1.35-1.45, tarsus 1.45-1.60. Eggs 2.23 x 1.53, pale 
buff. Hab. Northern portions of eastern hemisphere; occasional 
in eastern North America, and frequent in Alaska. 
136. A. penelope Linn. Widgeon. 
c. Adult male: Head and upper neck whitish, thickly flecked (except on 
forehead and part of crown) with blackish, the former ornamented 
on each side by a broad space of bright metallic green, extending 
from eye to occiput; crop, sides, and flanks vinaceous, all except 
the first waved with black; back and scapulars grayish white 
(usually tinged with vinaceous) waved with black. Adult female: 
Head and neck dull whitish, streaked with dusky ; crop, sides, and 
flanks dull vinaceous ; upper parts dusky grayish brown, irregularly 
and coarsely barred with dull white, or buffy; smaller wing-coverts 
dull dark grayish, tipped and edged with white. Young male: 
Similar to adult female, but colors more pronounced and pattern 
better defined, especially the wing-markings. Downy young: Above 
dark olive-brown, relieved by a spot of greenish buff on posterior 
border of each wing, one on each side of back, and one on each side 
of rump; top of head and hind-neck, dark olive, like back ; rest of 
head and neck, with lower parts, pale olive-buff or fulvous, the side 
of the head with a dusky streak, extending from bill, through eye, 
to occiput. Length 18.00-22.00, wing 10.25-11.00, culmen 1.30-1.50, 
tarsus 1.45-1.65. Eggs 2.06 < 1.48, pale buff. Hab. North America 
in general, breeding chiefly north of the United States; south, in 
winter, to Guatemala and Cuba. 
137. A. americana Guut. Baldpate. 
Genus SPATULA Borg. (Page 85, pl. XXIII, fig. 3.) 
Species. 
Adult male: Head and neck dark metallic bluish green; breast and outer 
scapulars white, the former sometimes spotted with dusky; rest of lower parts 
uniform chestnut, the crissum dark metallic bluish green, bordered anteriorly by a 
band of finely undulated grayish white; wing-coverts light grayish blue, the last 
row tipped with white, forming a narrow band across the wing ; speculum bright 
metallic green, very narrowly tipped with white; bill deep black, iris bright yel- 
low, and feet rich orange-red in life. Adult female: Wings as in the male, but 
colors rather duller; rest of plumage grayish brown, varied with brownish white, 
above, the head and neck brownish white, streaked with dusky, the lower parts 
similar but spotted instead of streaked; bill brown, the mandible orange; iris and 
feet as in the male. Young male: Similar to the adult female, but colors richer, the 
abdomen tinged with chestnut. Young female: Similar to the adult, but wing-cov- 
erts dull slate-gray with little or no blue tinge, the speculum dusky, faintly glossed 
