116 NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 
a. Culmen not more than 2.30, tarsus less than 3.00. 
Adult: Fore part of head, all round, to about half way across lores and 
forehead, white; rest of head grayish brown (darkest next the white), 
as are also the neck and upper parts, the latter varied by distinct gray- 
ish tips to the feathers; lower parts grayish white, blotched or irregu- 
‘larly spotted with black ; anal region, crissum, and tail-coverts white ; 
greater wing-coverts ash-gray tipped with white; secondaries blackish 
edged with white; bill light colored (yellowish or orange in life), with 
white nail; feet light-colored (orange or reddish in life). Young: 
Similar to adult, but fore-part of head dusky instead of white, lower 
parts without black markings, and nail of bill dusky. 
B. Length about 28.00, wing 14.75-16.00, culmen 1.60-1.75, depth of upper 
mandible at base about .90, width .85-1.05, tarsus 2.25-2.80. Eggs 
3.06 X 2.03. Hab. Northern portions of eastern hemisphere ; south- 
eastern Greenland?. 171. A. albifrons (GmEL.). White-fronted Goose. 
6, Length 27.00-30.00, wing 14.25-17.50, culmen 1.80-2.35, depth of upper 
mandible at base .90-1.20, width .85-1.05, tarsus 2.60-3.20. Eggs 
3.16 < 2.07. Hab. North America, breeding far northward; in 
winter, south to Mexico and Cuba..... 171a. A. albifrons gambeli 
(Hart..). American White-fronted Goose. 
a?, Culmen more than 2.30, tarsus more than 3.00. 
Adult: Head and neck grayish brown; upper parts brownish gray, the 
feathers tipped with grayish white; rump blackish brown, lower parts 
brownish gray, becoming white posteriorly, the upper tail-coverts and 
sides of rump also white; bill chiefly light-colored (orange in life ?), the 
nail, culmen, and basal half of lower mandible black; feet light-colored 
(orange-yellowish in life); length about 30.00-32.00, wing 18.50, or less, 
culmen 2.35, tarsus 3.10. Hab. Northern portions of eastern hemi- 
sphere; said to have occurred in Canada and at Hudson’s Bay (fide 
Novrratt). A. segetum (GMEL.). Bean Goose.! 
Genus BRANTA Scopour. (Page 87, pl. XXVIII, fig. 5.) 
Species. 
Common CHaractTers.—Bill and feet entirely deep black, at all ages; head and 
neck black, one or the other, or both, relieved by white patches; tail-coverts 
white; tail and quills uniform black; upper parts brownish, the feathers with 
lighter tips; lower parts (from thighs forward) grayish white (in B. leucopsis only), 
grayish, brownish, or dusky. 
a’, Head partly white. 
b.. Head black, with a somewhat triangular whitish patch on each cheek, 
usually confluent on throat, but sometimes separated by a black throat- 
stripe; chest grayish or brownish, like breast and belly. 
1 Anas segetum Gue.., 8. N. i. 1788, 512, Anser segetum Meyer, Taschb. ii. 1810, 554. 
