PORZANA. 139 
Genus PORZANA Viztttor. (Page 136, pl. XLL, figs. 1-3.) 
Species. 
a’. Secondaries without white. 
6%. Wing more than 4.00; above olive-brownish, striped with black. (Sub- 
genus Porzana.) 
c’. Neck and breast olive, speckled with white; flanks brown, narrowly 
and irregularly barred with white. Adult: Broad superciliary 
stripe, malar region, chin, and throat, uniform grayish; ear-coverts, 
neck, and chest light hair-brown, irregularly speckled with white. 
Young: Superciliary stripe finely speckled with white; malar 
region, chin, and throat whitish, speckled with brown, the breast 
and belly washed with pale buff. Length about 8.50, wing 4.20- 
4.50, culmen .68-.72, tarsus 1.20-1.30, middle toe 1.25-1.35. Lggs 
8-12, 1.32 X .95, dull buffy, spotted with vandyke-brown and pur- 
plish gray. Hab. Northern portion of eastern hemisphere; occa- 
sional in Greenland....... 213. P. porzana (Linn.). Spotted Crake. 
e@. Neck and breast without white specks; flanks broadly and regularly 
barred with white and slate-color. Adult: Anterior portion of 
head, with chin and throat, uniform black; top of head olive-brown, 
with a broad median stripe of black; rest of head and neck, with 
chest and breast, plain plumbeous. Young: Lores and superciliary 
stripe brownish, the chin and throat whitish; rest of head and 
neck, with chest and breast, light brownish. Downy young: Uni- 
form dull black, the shorter down interspersed with numerous long, 
glossy black, hair-like filaments; on throat, a tuft, directed for- 
wards, of stiff, coarse, orange-colored, bristle-like feathers. Length 
7.85-9.75, wing 4.15-4.30, culmen .75-.90, tarsus 1.25-1.35, middle 
toe 1.30-1.45. Eggs 8-12, 1.23 x .89, brownish buff, rather sparsely 
spotted with brown and purplish gray. Hab. Whole of temperate 
North America, breeding from northern United States northward ; 
in winter, south to West Indies, Middle America, and northern 
South AMETICA.......ccccseeseeeeeeeeees 214. P. carolina (Linn.). Sora, 
b*. Wing less than 3.75; above dusky, sometimes speckled with white. (Sub- 
genus Creciscus CABANIS.) 
c. Wing 2.95 or more; back speckled with white. 
Adult: Head, neck, and lower parts plain dark plumbeous, or 
slate-color, darker (sometimes nearly black) on top of head; 
belly and under tail-coverts brownish black, barred with white ; 
hind-neck and back dark chestnut-brown, marked with small 
dots and irregular bars of white. Young: Similar to adult, but 
breast, etc., dull grayish, the throat whitish, and top of head 
tinged with reddish brown. Downy young: “ Entirely bluish 
black.” Length 5.00-6.00, wing 2.50-3.20, culmen .50-.60, 
