164 
NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 
brown (sometimes paler), usually more or less spotted with darker 
brown, but sometimes nearly uniform. Hab. Northern North 
America, east of Rocky Mountains (west to Pacific coast in 
Alaska), migrating south, in winter, through eastern United States, 
western Cuba, and Middle America to southern South America. 
251. L. heemastica (Linn.). Hnudsonian Godwit. 
a, Wing with two white patches, one at base of quills, the other occupying greater 
portion of secondaries. 
Upper tail-coverts, rump, and tail, much as in L. hemastica; axillars and 
under wing-coverts pure white. Summer adult: Head, neck, and chest 
cinnamon or rusty, the first two streaked, the last barred, with dusky ; 
rest of lower parts white, the breast and sides barred with dusky ; back, 
etc., mixed black, rusty, and whitish. Winter plumage: Head, neck, 
back, and scapulars plain dark brownish gray ; chest plain pale grayish; 
rest of lower parts plain white. Young: “Head dull brownish, the 
feathers edged with rufous-buff . . . back earthy brown, with here and 
there a blackish brown feather, all being edged with dull rufous . 
sides of head, neck, and breast dark buff; flanks washed with buff.” 
Downy young: “ Rusty yellow, marked with black, especially on crown 
and rump; a narrow streak through the eye, wing-joints, cheeks, and 
belly, light yellowish.” (DressEr.) Length about 15.00, wing 8.00- 
9.80, culmen 3.70-4.95, tarsus 2.80-3.80, middle toe 2.00-2.12. Eggs 2.17 
X 1.50, deep grayish olive, indistinctly spotted with deeper olive-brown. 
Hab. Northern portion of eastern hemisphere; accidental in Greenland. 
252. L. limosa (Linn.). Black-tailed Godwit. 
Genus TOTANUS Boecusrzin. (Page 149, pl. L., figs. 1, 2.) 
Species. 
Common CuHaracters.—Above grayish or brownish, more or less varied with 
white or dusky, or both; head and neck streaked, and tail barred, with white and 
grayish or dusky; lower parts white, the chest (sometimes other portions also) 
more or less streaked or spotted with dusky. 
a. Bill longer than middle toe, with claw. | 
6. Tarsus more than one and a half times as long as the middle toe, without 
claw. (Subgenus Totanus.) 
c’. Nasal groove occupying less than half the total length of the upper 
mandible; exposed culmen as long as tarsus to base of hind toe: 
wing 7.00 or more. 
@. Bill decidedly recurved ; entire lower back and rump pure white; 
flanks and lower tail-coverts without markings. Summer 
adult: Back and scapulars blackish, the feathers edged with 
light ash-gray; fore-neck streaked with dusky. Winter plu- 
mage: Back and scapulars grayish, the feathers bordered with 
