TOTANUS. 165 
grayish white; fore-neck plain white. Young: Back, scapu- 
lars, etc. light brownish gray, the feathers margined with 
paler, and with a subedging of dusky, in the form of an irregu- 
lar line inside the whitish border; these markings changed on 
tertials into short, zigzag, oblique bars along the edge of both 
webs; fore-neck, sides, etc., immaculate, as in winter adult. 
Downy young: “Upper parts black and gray, with reddish 
tinge; forehead, sides of head, and whole under-parts white; a 
streak through the eye, a fine line along the forehead, a larger 
spot on the crown, a few lines or spots over the arm, sides of 
rump, and tail-down black, often mixed with reddish brown.” 
(Maves, jide Dresser.) Length 12.50-14.50, wing 7.00-7.80, 
culmen 2.15-2.20, tarsus 2.25-2.65, middle toe 1.12-130. Eggs 
1.95 & 1.39, dull brownish buff, spotted with vandyke- and 
madder-brown and purplish gray. Hab. Greater part of 
eastern hemisphere, but only far northward during summer; 
accidental in eastern North America (Florida) ? 
253. T. nebularius (Gunn.). Greenshank. 
@. Bill very slightly or not at all recurved; lower back and upper 
rump grayish, spotted with dusky; flanks and lewer tail-coverts 
barred with dusky. Summer adult: Above varied with blackish- 
pale gray, and white, the first predominating, the last in the 
form of spots along the edges of the feathers; throat streaked 
with dusky ; rest of lower parts (except belly) spotted or barred 
with the same. Winter plumage: Above rather light ash-gray, 
without the blackish, but with the white, spotting of summer 
dress; fore-neck, etc., much more narrowly streaked, and mark- 
ings of other lower parts much sparser and less distinct. 
Young: Similar to winter adult, but darker and more brownish 
above, the whitish spotting tinged with light brownish buff. 
Length 12.15-15.00, wing 7.50-7.75, culmen 2.20-2.30, tarsus 
2.50-2.75, middle toe 1.35-150. Hggs 1.43 x 1.20, brownish 
buffy, distinctly but very irregularly spotted with rich van- 
dyke- or madder-brown. Hab. Nearly the whole of America, 
but breeding only in the more northern portions of the northern 
continent (south to northern Iowa and Illinois ?). 
254. T. melanoleucus (GmMEL.). Greater Yellow-legs. 
c. Nasal groove occupying more than half the total length of the upper 
mandible; exposed culmen much shorter than tarsus to base of hind 
toe; wing less than 7.00. 
Plumage essentially similar, in all stages, to that of 7. melanoleu- 
cus; legs also yellow in life; length 9.50-11.00, wing 6.10- 
6.65, culmen 1.30-1.55, tarsus 2.00-2.15, middle toe 1.00-1.15. 
Eggs 1.69 X 1.15, buffy (variable as to shade), distinctly (some- 
times broadly) spotted or blotched with dark madder- or van- ~ 
