182 NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 
d', Back, scapulars, and wing-coverts (except greater) grayish brown, 
or brownish slate; upper tail-coverts entirely white in adult; 
under primary coverts almost wholly white. Adult: Head 
and neck plumbeous-black; bill bright red (in life). Young: 
Head and neck dull blackish, the top of the former speckled 
with pale brown; feathers of upper parts bordered with dull 
buff; bill brownish. Downy young: Head and neck dull light 
grayish, finely mottled with darker, and with a narrow line of 
black behind eye; rest of upper parts light fulvous-gray, finely 
mottled with darker, and relieved by two narrow stripes of 
black along the back; lower parts white. Length 17.00-21.00, 
wing 9.80-10.25, culmen 2.85-3.50, greatest depth of bill for- 
ward of nostril 48-.55, tarsus 2.05-2.55, middle toe (without 
claw) 1.20-1.55. Eggs 2-3, 2.21 x 1.58, light dull creamy buff, 
spotted with black, dark brown, and purplish gray. Hab. 
Coasts of America, from Nova Scotia and southern California 
to southern Brazil and Chili. 
286. H. palliatus Temm. American Oyster-catcher. 
d, Back, scapulars, and wing-coverts sooty black; shorter upper 
tail-coverts entirely black, the longer ones varied with black at 
ends; under primary coverts chiefly black; wing 10.00, culmen 
3.12-3.42, greatest depth of bill forward of nostril .50, tarsus 
2.12-2.20, middle toe, without claw, 1.65. Hab. Galapagos 
Islands. 
(20.) H. galapagensis Ripgw. Galapagos Oyster-catcher.! 
ce. Breast uniform black; bill very slender, its greatest depth forward of 
nostril not exceeding .40 of an inch; middle toe, with claw, much 
less than 1.75. 
Adult: Back, scapulars, and wing-coverts (except greater) sooty 
black, with faint greenish gloss; upper tail-coverts (except 
shorter median ones), entirely white; nearly all the under 
wing-coverts uniform black; wing 10.00-10.60, culmen 3.00- 
3.05, greatest depth of bill forward of nostril .38-.40, tarsus 
1.75-1.95, middle toe 1.20-1.30. Hab. Tierra del Fuego. 
H. leucopodus Garnot. White-footed Oyster-catcher. 
a’, Plumage entirely blackish. 
Adult: Uniform brownish black, or dark sooty brown, the head and neck 
plumbeous-black. Young: General color more brownish, many of the 
feathers (especially wing-coverts and scapulars) having paler (dull buff 
or rusty) tips. 
b. Length 17.00-17.50, wing 9.60-10.75, culmen 2.50-2.95, greatest depth of bill 
forward of nostril .45-.52, tarsus 1.85-2.25, middle toe 1.30-1.65. Eggs 
2.18 x 1.52, light olive-buff or buffy olive, speckled or sparsely spotted 
‘1 Hematopus galapagensis Rinew., Auk, iii. July, 1886, 331. 
2 Hematopus leucopodus Ganrnot, Ann. des Sc, Nat. vii., 1826, 47. 
