184 NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 
Orver GALLINA.—Tue Gattinaceous Birps. 
(Page 2.) 
Families. 
a, Hind-toe small, short (much less than half as long as lateral toes), and inserted 
above the level of the anterior toes. (Suborder Phasiani.) 
b. Tarsi without spurs; head entirely feathered (except sometimes over eyes), 
and tail not vaulted.........ccscceceneseereceseeeceeeneees Tetraonidz. (Page 184.) 
b%. Tarsi with spurs; head naked, or else tail long and vaulted. 
Phasianidz. (Page 205.) 
a’, Hind-toe well developed, lengthened (decidedly more than half as long as the 
lateral toes), and inserted on a level with the anterior toes. (Suborder 
PeneclOpes.\ixscusses vise iaesseness ices ebanieveeunessdsaaccesaaeess . Cracidz. (Page 207.) 
Famiry TETRAONIDA.—Tue GROUSE, PARTRIDGES, AND QUAILS. 
P. 184. 
Genera. age ee) 
a'. Tarsi and nasal fosse entirely naked; sides of toes not pectinated; smaller 
(wing less than 6.00). (Subfamily Perdicine.) 
b'. Cutting-edge of lower mandible without serrations; upper part of tarsus 
feathered below the joint ; first quill longer than seventh. 
c. Tail very short, composed of 12 soft feathers entirely concealed by the 
coverts; first quill longest, or at least longer than third; small 
(wing not over 4.50)..........csccsecsecssseeeeee Coturnix. (Page 186.) 
ce. Tail more than one-third as long as wing, extending considerably be- 
yond coverts, and composed of 18 firm, broad feathers; first quill 
shorter than sixth; rather large (wing over 6.00). Perdix. 
b. Cutting-edge of lower mandible, toward end, more or less serrated; upper 
part of tarsus not feathered below joint; first quill shorter than seventh. 
c. Tail at least half as long as the wing, the feathers normal, and very 
distinct from the coverts; claws normal, the middle one much 
shorter than exposed culmen. 
@. Tail about as long as the wing; very large (wing more than 5.50, 
tarsus about 2.00); plumage very plain, the head without a 
CIStIN GECKOS bis... secu cece dtanes stonweiWsevasensuvereedaccenes Dendrortyx2 
@, Tail decidedly shorter than wing; medium to very small (wing 
not more than 5.50, tarsus much less than 2.00); plumage 
much varied, the head more or less conspicuously crested. 
1 Perdix Briss., Orn. i. 1760, 219. Type, Tetrao perdix Linn. 
This genus includes the Partridge of Europe (P. perdix),a handsome game bird, about as much larger 
than the American “ Bob Whites” as the latter are larger than the Quail of Europe (Coturnix coturnizx). 
2 Dendrortyx GouLp, Mon. Odont. 1850, 20. Type, Orty.c macroura Jarp. & SELBY. 
