NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 
varying from pure white, with few markings (very rarely quite im- 
maculate), to deep cinnamon-buff (usually an intermediate shade) 
more or less sprinkled, speckled, spotted, or blotched with rusty 
brown or cinnamon. (Subgenus Tinnunculus VIEILL.) 
Adult males with tail chestnut-rufous, crossed by a broad subter- 
minal black band (sometimes with more or less: distinct nar- 
rower bands anterior to this, especially on lateral feathers), and 
tipped with whitish or rufous; wing-coverts grayish blue, or 
plumbeous, usually more or less spotted with black; sides of 
head with one or two (usually two) black obliquely vertical 
stripes, the enclosed space whitish ; lower parts varying from 
pure white (the throat and under tail-coverts always white), 
through shades of buff and ochraceous, to deep rufous, with 
or without black spots. Young males similar to adults, but 
feathers of upper surface more or less distinctly margined 
with whitish, the colors generally more suffused. Adult fe- 
males: Tail rusty, crossed by numerous narrow bands or bars 
of dusky; wing-coverts also ferruginous, barred with dusky, 
like back and scapulars; head marked asin male. Young fe- 
male: Similar to adult, but colors softer, deeper, and more 
blended. 
d'. Back always entirely rufous or rusty, with or without black bars 
or spots; breast, etc., varying from white to deep ochraceous 
with or without dusky markings; forehead and ear-coverts 
distinctly whitish. 
e'. Inner webs of quills barred entirely across with white and 
dusky ; “mustache” across cheeks always conspicuous; no 
distinct white superciliary stripe. 
Top of head varying from bluish gray to dark slate, the 
crown with or without a rufous patch. Jfale: Length 
about 8.75-10.60, wing 6.55-8.05 (7.16), tail 4.20-5.45 
(4.73), culmen .50, tarsus 1.25-1.55, middle toe .93. 
Female: Length 9.50-12.00, wing 6.90-8.15 (7.57), tail 
4.50-5.60 (5.14), culmen .50-55, tarsus 1.40-1.45, 
middle toe .90-1.00. Hggs 1371.14. Hab. Whole 
of temperate North America, and south (in winter 
only?) through Middle America to northern South 
America, 
360. F. sparverius Linn. American Sparrow Hawk. 
é. Inner webs of quills white, merely serrated along the shaft 
with dusky; “mustache” across cheeks indistinct or quite 
obsolete; a conspicuous white superciliary stripe. 
Otherwise like F. sparverius, but scapulars and wing- 
coverts usually with fewer black markings, and lower 
parts usually immaculate white in male, stained or 
