260 NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 
Hab. Northern portions of Europe and Asia, straggling to western Alaska 
(shores of Norton Sound). 
870a. S. cinerea lapponica (Rerz.). Lapp Owl. 
Genus NYCTALA Brexum. (Page 256, pl. LXXYV.,, fig. 1.) 
Species. 
Common Cuaracters— Adults: Above brown, more or less spotted with 
white; beneath white, broadly striped with brown. Young: Above plain brown, 
the wings and tail as in adults; face plain dusky, the “eyebrows” white, in con- 
spicuous contrast; lower parts plain brownish anteriorly, plain ochraceous pos- 
teriorly. 
a'. Wing 6.50, or more, tail more than 4.00. 
b'. Smaller and paler; legs whitish, usually without spots; lower tail-coverts 
with narrow brown mesial streaks or shaft-streaks; wing 6.50-6.90 
(6.74), tail 4.20-4.40 (4.27). Hab. Northern portions of eastern hemi- 
sphere. 
N. tengmalmi (GMEL.). Tengmalm’s Owl. 
b. Larger and darker; legs and feet usually buffy, more or less (sometimes 
thickly) spotted with brown; lower tail-coverts with broad mesial 
stripes of brown; length 9.00-12.00, wing 6.60—7.40 (7.12), tail 4.10-4.70 
(4.42). West in trees. Eggs 2-4, 1.25 1.07. Hab. Northern North 
America; south, in winter, to northern border of United States. 
371. N. tengmalmi richardsoni (Bonap.). Richardson’s Owl. 
a’, Wing less than 6.00, tail less than 3.50. Plumage much as in WV. richardsoni, but 
with less white on top of head and hind-neck, stripes on lower parts more 
reddish, and feet always (?) plain whitish or buffy; length 7.25-8.50, wing 
5.25-5.90 (5.58), tail 2.80-3.25 (3.02). Vest in holes in trees or in deserted 
nests of other birds. Hggs 3-5, 1.18 X .98. Hab. Northern United States 
and British Provinces, rarely south of 40° in eastern portions, but in moun- 
tainous western districts south to southern Mexico. 
372. N. acadica (GmEL.). Saw-whet Owl. 
Genus MEGASCOPS Katp. (Page 256, pl. LXXYV.,, fig. 2.) 
Species. 
Common CHaRactEeRs.—Outer webs of outermost scapulars mostly whitish, 
buffy, or pale rusty, with blackish terminal border, producing a more or less con- 
spicuous light-colored stripe along each side of back ; feathers of plumage in general 
with blackish shaft-streaks, or broader mesial streaks, the latter, especially on lower 
parts, usually throwing off narrow transverse bars; outer webs of quills with con- 
spicuous, large, more or less quadrate whitish or buffy spots, and tail more or less 
distinctly (never sharply) banded with a paler tint than the ground-color; ground- 
1 Strix tengmalmi GuzL., 8. N. i. 1788, 291. Nyctala tengmalmi Bonar., Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 7. 
