280 NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 
Orper PIC].—Tue Woopreckers, WRYNECKS, ETC. 
(Page 3.) 
Families. 
(Characters same as those given for the Order)..............0065 Picide. (Page 280.) 
Famity PICIDA®.—TueE Wooppreckers. (Page 280.) 
Genera. 
a, Outer hind-toe longer than outer anterior toe. 
b'. Two hind-toes. 
c’. Conspicuously crested, and size very large (wing 7.00, or more). 
Campephilus. (Page 281.) 
c’. Without crest, and size small (wing not more than 5.00). 
ad, Nasal groove extending nearly to tip of bill; terminal half of bill 
not distinctly compressed. 
e. Tongue greatly extensile; plumage much varied with black 
(or brown) and white, the latter prevailing on lower parts. 
Dryobates. (Page 281.) 
e’". Tongue very slightly extensile; plumage uniform black, with 
white head and white spotting on basal portion of quills. 
Xenopicus. (Page 286.) 
ad, Nasal groove running out on cutting-edge of upper mandible, about 
half-way to tip; terminal portion of bill distinctly compressed. 
Tongue scarcely extensile......... Sphyrapicus. (Page 288.) 
0%, Only one hind-toe. 
Bill broad and much flattened..........cseseceeeee Picoides. (Page 286.) 
a, Outer hind-toe not longer than outer anterior toe. 
b'. Head conspicuously crested; large (wing not less than 7.25—usually 
MUCH: MOLEC )rassssssvscsasets savevevasees vvesvaceteeress Ceophlceus. (Page 289.) 
6°. Head not crested; small or medium (wing less than 7.25—usually much 
less). 
c. Upper mandible with a distinct lateral ridge and nasal groove, the tip 
more or less truncated ; plumage of lower parts without spots, the 
under surface of quills and tail-feathers without yellow or red. 
Melanerpes. (Page 290.) 
ce’. Upper mandible without distinct lateral ridge or nasal groove, the tip 
scarcely or not at all truncated; plumage of lower parts spotted 
with black; under surface of quills and tail-feathers chiefly yellow 
or reddish, the shafts brighter yellow or red. 
Colaptes. (Page 295.) 
